Differences and commonalities of home-based care arrangements for persons living with dementia in Germany – a theory-driven development of types using multiple correspondence analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis

Dreyer, Jan; Bergmann, Johannes Michael; Köhler, Kerstin; Hochgraeber, Iris; Pinkert, Christiane; Roes, Martina; Thyrian, Jochen René; Wiegelmann, Henrik; Holle, Bernhard

doi:10.1186/s12877-022-03310-1

Table 6 Distribution of categories in relation to the types

From: Differences and commonalities of home-based care arrangements for persons living with dementia in Germany – a theory-driven development of types using multiple correspondence analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis

Concept of the SoCA-Dem theory	Variable	Categories	Whole sample	Type I: spouse-centred earlier	Type II: spouse-centred later	Type III: child-centred earlier	Type IV: child-centred later
size			100 (n = 320)	22.50 (n = 72)	31.88 (n = 102)	24.69 (n = 79)	20.94 (n = 67)
Dyadic Relationship	kinship relation between the iC and the PwD	spouse/partner parent–child other relative	54.38 37.19 8.447	94.44* 2.78* 2.78*	96.08* 0.98* 2.94*	1.27* 81.01* 17.72**	10.45* 77.61* 11.94
	living situation of the PwD	living alone cohabiting with the iC cohabiting with another relative	22.19 66.88 10.94	0.00* 98.61* 1.39**	1.96* 97.06* 0.98**	62.03* 15.19* 22.79**	29.85 47.76 22.39
	loss of relationship between the PwD and the iC	often/always never/sometimes	57.50 42.50	40.28 59.72	87.26* 12.75*	30.38* 69.62*	62.69 37.31
	age of the iC	up to 65 years old older than 65 years old	51.88 48.13	18.06* 81.94*	13.73* 86.28*	94.94* 5.06*	95.52* 4.48*
	age of the PwD	up to 80 years old older than 80 years old	51.25 48.75	73.61 26.39	64.71 35.29	29.11* 70.89*	32.84 67.16
Change	care level of the PwD according to the German long-term care insurance	no care level first care level second or third care level	25.31 40.31 34.38	51.39* 33.33 15.28	6.86* 39.22 53.92*	35.44* 46.84 17.72**	13.43* 41.79 44.78*
	functional/cognitive ability of the PwD (FAST)	up to moderate Alzheimer’s moderately severe Alzheimer’s severe Alzheimer’s	16.88 59.06 24.06	40.28* 50.00 9.72	4.90 52.94 42.16*	24.05 68.35 7.60**	1.49** 67.16 31.34
	period since the PwD needs help because of the memory loss	since up to 2 years since more than 2 years	34.38 65.63	77.78* 22.22*	2.94* 97.06*	41.77 58.23	26.87 73.13
	period in which the iC cares for the PwD	since up to 2 years since more than 2 years	35.00 65.00	76.39* 23.61*	4.90* 95.10*	41.77 58.23	28.36 71.62
Carer Role	role conflict between caring for the PwD and profession	always/often never/sometimes not working	12.81 20.31 66.88	2.78 5.56 91.67***	0.98* 0.98* 98.04***	2.53 69.62* 27.85***	53.73* 7.46 38.81***
	the iC experiences personal constraints due to caring	always/often never/sometimes	45.00 55.00	15.28* 84.72*	62.75 37.26	13.92* 86.08*	85.57* 13.43*
	the iC experiences personal growth due to caring	always/often never/sometimes	50.94 49.06	33.33 66.67	62.75 37.26	40.51* 59.49*	64.18* 35.82*
	the iC experiences no recognition from others	always/often never/sometimes	20.00 80.00	0.00* 100.00*	24.51 75.49	2.53* 97.47*	55.22* 44.78*
	the iC could imagine the PwD moving to institutional care	yes no	75.63 24.38	65.28* 34.72*	73.53 26.47	82.28 17.72	82.09 17.91
Resources	number of professional services used	none as least one	24.38 75.63	52.78* 47.22*	11.77 88.24	25.32 74.68	11.94 88.06
	number of groups of informal supporters	one two or more	46.88 53.13	62.50 37.50	39.22 60.78	51.90 48.10	35.82* 64.18*
	the PwD or the iC has sufficient financial resources	yes no	77.81 22.19	87.50* 12.50*	72.55 27.45	87.32* 12.66*	64.18 35.82
Society & Culture	gender of the iC	female male	75.31 24.69	66.67 33.33	73.53 26.47	73.42 26.58	89.55 10.45
	gender of the PwD	female male	56.25 43.75	34.72 65.28	30.39* 69.61*	86.08* 13.92*	83.58* 16.42*
	migration background of the iC	yes no	8.13 91.88	15.28* 84.72*	5.88 94.12	5.06 94.94	7.46 92.54
	the iC experiences too little understanding of others for the PwD	always/often never/sometimes	38.44 61.56	11.11* 88.89*	52.94 47.06	13.92* 86.08*	74.63* 25.37*
Health Care System	the iC experiences a lack of institutional support	always/often never/sometimes	18.75 81.25	2.78 97.22	23.53 76.47	7.60 92.41	41.79* 58.21*

Numbers indicate relative frequencies
iC Informal carer, PwD Person with dementia
^*indicate significant categories for corresponding types (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.00001)

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ISSN: 1471-2318

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