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Table 1 Frailty Index based on a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (FI-CGA)

From: Validation of clinical frailty scale in Chinese translation

Domains

Scoring methods

Data source

1. Cognition

0—Normal MMSE

CGA

0.5—Abnormal MMSEa and normal IADL and BI

1—Abnormal MMSE and (IADL or BI)

2. Emotion

0—GDS < 5

CGA

0.5—5 ≤ GDS < 10

1—GDS ≥ 10

3. Communication

0—No deficit in communication, hearing, vision

Questionnaire from Babybot

0.5—1 deficit in either communication, hearing, vision

1—≥ 2 deficits in either communication, hearing, vision

4. Mobility

0—TUG < 10

TUG test from Babybot

0.5—10 ≤ TUG ≤ 19

1—TUG > 19 or unable to walk

5. Balance

0—No self-reported poor balance and no fall in previous year

Questionnaire from Babybot

0.5—Report of either fall in previous year or poor balance

1—Report fall and poor balance

6. Bladder

0—Bladder control in BI = 10

CGA

0.5—Bladder control in BI = 5

1—Bladder control in BI = 0

7. Bowel

0—Bowel control in BI = 10

CGA

0.5—Bowel control in BI = 5

1—Bowel control in BI = 0

8. Nutrition

0—MNA = 12–14

CGA

0.5—MNA = 8–11

1—MNA = 0–7

9. ADL

0—IADL = 8 and BI = 100

CGA

0.5—IADL < 8 and BI = 100

1—BI < 100

10. Social resources

0—Not living alone and someone could help if needed

Questionnaire from Babybot

0.5—(Living alone but someone could help if needed) or (not living alone but no one could help if needed)

1—Living alone and no one could help if needed

Impairment Index = sum of deficits (numbers of deficits = 0–10)

Comorbidity Index = CIRS-G standardized to 0–4 (numbers of deficits = 0–4)

FI-CGA = (Impairment Index + Comorbidity Index)/14

  1. Abbreviations: MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination, CGA Comprehensive geriatric assessment, IADL Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, BI Barthel Index, GDS Geriatric Depression Scale, TUG Timed-up and go, MNA Mini-Nutritional Assessment, ADL Activities of Daily Living, CIRS-G Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for Geriatrics, FI-CGA Frailty Index based on a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment
  2. a Abnormal MMSE was defined as MMSE ≤ 23 if years of education > 2 years or MMSE ≤ 13 if years of education ≤ 2 years