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Table 6 Subgroup analysis based on time-varying Cox regression

From: Does social participation decrease the risk of frailty? Impacts of diversity in frequency and types of social participation on frailty in middle-aged and older populations

 

Aged ≥ 65 in 2011 (n = 1013)a

Aged < 65 in 2011 (n = 5060)a

Male (n = 3233)b

Female (n = 2840)b

Rural (n = 3653)c

Urban (n = 2420)c

SP

  Occasional

0.92 (0.75, 1.11)

0.93 (0.82, 1.06)

0.89 (0.76, 1.04)

0.97 (0.84, 1.13)

0.98 (0.86, 1.11)

0.83 (0.68, 1.02)

  Weekly

0.96 (0.77, 1.19)

0.97 (0.84, 1.12)

1.02 (0.86, 1.21)

0.91 (0.77, 1.08)

1.06 (0.91, 1.22)

0.80 (0.64, 1.00)*

  Daily

0.76 (0.65, 0.89)**

0.76 (0.68, 0.86)***

0.75 (0.65, 0.87)***

0.77 (0.68, 0.87)***

0.77 (0.68, 0.87)***

0.74 (0.63, 0.86)***

IWF

  Occasional

1.10 (0.89, 1.35)

0.90 (0.78, 1.04)

0.90 (0.76, 1.08)

1.01 (0.86, 1.17)

1.05 (0.91, 1.22)

0.81 (0.66, 0.99)*

  Weekly

1.08 (0.85, 1.38)

0.95 (0.81, 1.12)

1.13 (0.94, 1.37)

0.86 (0.71, 1.04)

1.10 (0.94, 1.30)

0.80 (0.63, 1.03)

  Daily

0.93 (0.78, 1.11)

0.87 (0.76, 1.00)*

0.90 (0.76, 1.07)

0.87 (0.76, 1.00)

0.86 (0.75, 0.98)*

0.94 (0.79, 1.12)

MCCC

  Occasional

0.86 (0.66, 1.13)

0.85 (0.72, 1.00)*

0.92 (0.76, 1.11)

0.80 (0.65, 0.98)*

0.90 (0.76, 1.07)

0.78 (0.61, 1.00)

  Weekly

0.90 (0.68, 1.17)

0.84 (0.70, 1.02)

0.86 (0.70, 1.06)

0.87 (0.70, 1.09)

0.98 (0.81, 1.18)

0.70 (0.54, 0.91)**

  Daily

0.71 (0.55, 0.92)*

0.65 (0.53, 0.81)***

0.68 (0.54, 0.87)**

0.68 (0.54, 0.85)**

0.66 (0.53, 0.82)***

0.68 (0.53, 0.87)**

DFQ

  Occasional

0.40 (0.12, 1.27)

0.89 (0.63, 1.28)

0.85 (0.44, 1.67)

0.78 (0.52, 1.16)

0.58 (0.33, 1.00)

1.05 (0.67, 1.63)

  Weekly

0.56 (0.21, 1.48)

0.58 (0.35, 0.97)*

0.52 (0.21, 1.24)

0.62 (0.37, 1.05)

0.49 (0.23, 1.03)

0.65 (0.37, 1.16)

  Daily

0.89 (0.66, 1.19)

0.63 (0.49, 0.79)***

0.74 (0.54, 1.02)

0.72 (0.57, 0.90)***

0.75 (0.55, 1.01)

0.71 (0.56, 0.90)***

  1. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001. SP Social participation, IWF Interacting with friends, MCCC Playing mah-jong, chess, cards or visiting community clubs, DFQ Going to community-organized dancing, fitness, qigong and so on, HR Hazard ratio, CI Confidence Interval
  2. a The frequency of each type of SP was set as time-variant exposure. “None” group was set as the reference. Age, marital status, hukou status, public health insurance coverage, current work status, alcohol intake, smoking status and household per capita consumption were controlled as time-variant covariates, and gender, education level and residence were controlled as fixed covariates
  3. b All the covariates were controlled except for gender
  4. c All the covariates were controlled except for rural/urban residence
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BMC Geriatrics

ISSN: 1471-2318

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