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Table 1 Characteristics of the study cohort, stratified by the index date relative to RACF entry

From: Medicines use before and after comprehensive medicines review among residents of long-term care facilities: a retrospective cohort study

Characteristic

Index date in the 0 to 3 months after RACF entry

Index date in the 3 to 6 months after RACF entry

Index date in the 6 to 12 months after RACF entry

Received RMMR (n = 23979)

No RMMR (n = 55609)

Received RMMR (n = 19080)

No RMMR (n = 49468)

Received RMMR (n = 11962)

No RMMR (n = 42573)

Number of RACFs

1772

1959

1809

1949

1770

1925

Age (years) at RACF entry, median (IQR)

85.0 (80.0–89.0)

85.0 (80.0–89.0)

85.0 (80.0–89.0)

85.0 (80.0–89.0)

84.0 (79.0–89.0)

85.0 (80.0–89.0)

Female, n (%)

15367 (64.1)

35233 (63.4)

12403 (65.0)

32143 (65.0)

7938 (66.4)

28324 (66.5)

Born in Australia, n (%)a

14798 (62.0)

36452 (65.8)

12358 (65.0)

32358 (65.7)

7911 (66.5)

27803 (65.6)

Primary language other than English, n (%)b

3571 (14.9)

7014 (12.6)

2447 (12.8)

6296 (12.7)

1401 (11.7)

5461 (12.8)

RACF provider type, n (%)

      

  For profit

10368 (43.2)

23373 (42.0)

8086 (42.4)

20525 (41.5)

4986 (41.7)

17407 (40.9)

  Government

1166 (4.9)

3228 (5.8)

923 (4.8)

2743 (5.5)

710 (5.9)

2265 (5.3)

  Not for profit

12445 (51.9)

29008 (52.2)

10071 (52.8)

26200 (53.0)

6266 (52.4)

22901 (53.8)

Remoteness of residencec, n (%)

  Major Cities

18476 (77.1)

38172 (68.6)

13551 (71.0)

34092 (68.9)

8021 (67.1)

29463 (69.2)

  Outside Major Cities

5503 (22.9)

17437 (31.4)

5529 (29.0)

15376 (31.1)

3941 (32.9)

13110 (30.8)

State of residence, n (%)

      

  New South Wales

10963 (45.7)

26184 (47.1)

8957 (46.9)

23160 (46.8)

5225 (43.7)

19885 (46.7)

  South Australia

2801 (11.7)

9028 (16.2)

2082 (10.9)

8102 (16.4)

1596 (13.3)

7065 (16.6)

  Victoria

10215 (42.6)

20397 (36.7)

8041 (42.1)

18206 (36.8)

5141 (43.0)

15623 (36.7)

No. of unique prescriptions dispensed in the year before RACF entry, median (IQR)

11.0 (7.0–15.0)

11.0 (7.0–15.0)

11.0 (7.0–15.0)

11.0 (7.0–15.0)

11.0 (7.0–15.0)

11.0 (7.0–15.0)

Rx-risk comorbidity scored, median (IQR)

5.0 (3.0–7.0)

5.0 (3.0–7.0)

5.0 (3.0–7.0)

5.0 (3.0–7.0)

5.0 (3.0–7.0)

5.0 (3.0–7.0)

Dementiae, n (%)

12457 (51.9)

27534 (49.5)

9540 (50.0)

24719 (50.0)

5869 (49.1)

21344 (50.1)

Assisted Daily Living levelf, n (%)

  Nil

308 (1.3)

1028 (1.8)

365 (1.9)

987 (2.0)

243 (2.0)

920 (2.2)

  Low

6517 (27.2)

15613 (28.1)

5741 (30.1)

14697 (29.7)

3924 (32.8)

13301 (31.2)

  Medium

8042 (33.5)

18841 (33.9)

6478 (34.0)

16997 (34.4)

4041 (33.8)

14722 (34.6)

  High

9112 (38.0)

20127 (36.2)

6496 (34.0)

16787 (33.9)

3754 (31.4)

13630 (32.0)

Behavioral Daily Living levelf, n (%)

  Nil

1967 (8.2)

5416 (9.7)

1739 (9.1)

4981 (10.1)

1262 (10.6)

4426 (10.4)

  Low

5498 (22.9)

13249 (23.8)

4660 (24.4)

12142 (24.5)

3071 (25.7)

10716 (25.2)

  Medium

6297 (26.3)

14571 (26.2)

4968 (26.0)

12853 (26.0)

3109 (26.0)

11027 (25.9)

  High

10217 (42.6)

22373 (40.2)

7713 (40.4)

19492 (39.4)

4520 (37.8)

16404 (38.5)

Complex Health Care levelf, n (%)

  Nil

1639 (6.8)

4582 (8.2)

1509 (7.9)

4314 (8.7)

1065 (8.9)

3955 (9.3)

  Low

7156 (29.8)

16782 (30.2)

6036 (31.6)

15470 (31.3)

3947 (33.0)

13671 (32.1)

  Medium

6255 (26.1)

14994 (27.0)

5066 (26.6)

13507 (27.3)

3236 (27.1)

11665 (27.4)

  High

8929 (37.2)

19251 (34.6)

6469 (33.9)

16177 (32.7)

3714 (31.0)

13282 (31.2)

Residents remaining in the cohort at the end of 4-month follow-up, n (%)

19253 (80.3)

42398 (76.2)

15741 (82.5)

40212 (81.3)

9652 (80.7)

34576 (81.2)

  1. IQR interquartile range, RACF residential aged care facility, RMMR residential medication management review
  2. a Data missing for n = 331 residents in the 0–3-month cohort, n = 276 in the 3–6-month cohort and n = 253 residents in the 6–12-month cohort
  3. b Data missing for n = 121 residents in the 0–3-month cohort, n = 107 in the 3–6-month cohort and n = 92 residents in the 6–12-month cohort
  4. c RACF remoteness (major city or other) was determined from the Australian Standard Geographical Classification [36]
  5. d Comorbidity score was derived using the Australian adaptation of 46-item Rx-Risk pharmaceutical-based comorbidity index [37]
  6. e Dementia diagnosis was determined from the diagnoses reported in the Rx-Risk, aged care eligibility and entry into care assessments [23]
  7. f Care needs with respect to activities of daily living, behavioral daily living and complex care needs (each categorized as nil, low, medium, high) were determined from data recorded during the entry into care assessments [25]