Frailty, gaps in care coordination, and preventable adverse events

BMC Geriatrics

Table 3 Association between frailty and any preventable adverse event

	Not frail	Intermediate-frail	Frail	P-trend
N	2398	2436	190
N (%) with ≥ 1 preventable adverse event	167 (7.0)	276 (11.3)	38 (20.0)	< 0.001
Prevalence ratios (95% confidence intervals)
Model 1 (n = 5,024)	1 (Ref)	1.63 (1.35 – 1.96)	2.87 (2.09 – 3.95)	< 0.001
Model 2 (n = 4,289)	1 (Ref)	1.66 (1.36 – 2.04)	2.72 (1.89 – 3.92)	< 0.001
Model 3 (n = 3,713)	1 (Ref)	1.60 (1.28 – 2.01)	2.47 (1.64 – 3.73)	< 0.001
Final model^a (n = 5,024)	1 (Ref)	1.47 (1.22 – 1.77)	2.24 (1.60 – 3.14)	< 0.001

Model 1 is unadjusted
Model 2 includes adjustment for age, gender, race, education, annual household income, marital status, geographic region of residence and rural area
Model 3 includes adjustment for the variables in model 2 and hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, history of myocardial infarction, prior coronary revascularization, history of stroke, chronic kidney disease, atrial fibrillation, and self-rated health
^a In the final model, multiple imputation was used to retain participants with missing data in covariates

ISSN: 1471-2318