Table 7 Generalized estimating equation on the association between parenting styles (behaviors) and health outcome in mid- and late life (subsample from families with literate parents)

Model 1^a

Model 2^a

Model 3^a

Self-rated Health

Cognitive function

CES-D-10 score

 Authoritative

Reference

Reference

Reference

 Authoritarian

−0.11^**

−0.31^*

0.90^**

 Indulgent

0.01

0.23^*

−0.15

 Uninvolved

−0.09^**

−0.03

0.35^*

Model 4^a

Model 5^a

Model 6^a

Self-rated Health

Cognitive function

CES-D-10 score

 Maternal affection

0.04^*

0.04

−0.20^*

 Maternal discipline

−0.01

− 0.04

0.16

 Paternal affection

0.05^***

0.12^***

−0.28^**

 Paternal discipline

−0.01

−0.03

− 0.05