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Table 2 Mid- and late life health outcome by parenting styles (Mean (SD))

From: Parenting styles and health in mid- and late life: evidence from the China health and retirement longitudinal study

 

Self-rated Health

Cognitive function

CES-D-10 score

Parenting styles

All

Authoritative

2.32 (0.99)

11.67 (3.74)

7.49 (6.11)

Authoritarian

2.18 (0.93)

11.38 (3.76)

8.54 (6.23)

Indulgent

2.31 (0.97)

11.78 (3.86)

7.26 (6.03)

Uninvolved

2.17 (0.89)

11.42 (3.95)

7.92 (6.02)

P value

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

 

Male

Authoritative

2.40 (1.00)

12.32 (3.38)

6.63 (5.63)

Authoritarian

2.28 (0.96)

11.88 (3.48)

7.58 (5.86)

Indulgent

2.38 (0.97)

12.43 (3.39)

6.27 (5.43)

Uninvolved

2.24 (0.90)

12.03 (3.57)

7.04 (5.49)

P value

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

 

Female

Authoritative

2.23 (0.98)

10.94 (3.98)

8.39 (6.46)

Authoritarian

2.06 (0.89)

10.78 (3.99)

9.65 (6.47)

Indulgent

2.25 (0.97)

11.24 (4.14)

8.09 (6.37)

Uninvolved

2.09 (0.88)

10.82 (4.20)

8.76 (6.37)

P value

< 0.001

0.004

< 0.001

  1. SD Standard deviation, CES-D-10 10-item Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale