Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the included participants according to different levels of BMI
Characteristics | BMI, kg/m.2 | P Value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First quintile | Second quintile | Third quintile | Fourth quintile | Fifth quintile | ||
Male | BMI < 22.04 | 22.04 ≤ BMI < 23.75 | 23.75 ≤ BMI < 25.38 | 25.38 ≤ BMI < 27.36 | BMI ≥ 27.36 |  |
Female | BMI < 22.22 | 22.22 ≤ BMI < 24.06 | 24.06 ≤ BMI < 25.89 | 25.89 ≤ BMI < 28.13 | BMI ≥ 28.13 |  |
Number of participants | 13,843 | 13,886 | 13,905 | 13,908 | 13,846 | Â |
Diabetes, % | 2501 (18.1) | 3393 (24.4) | 3881 (27.9) | 4271 (30.7) | 4710 (34.0) |  < 0.001 |
Age, years | 73.3 ± 7.5 | 71.6 ± 7.2 | 71.0 ± 6.7 | 70.6 ± 6.4 | 70.4 ± 6.2 |  < 0.001 |
Women, % | 7463 (53.9) | 7503 (54.0) | 7522 (54.1) | 7527 (54.1) | 7464 (53.9) | 0.994 |
BMI, kg/m.2 | 20.4 ± 1.4 | 23.1 ± 0.5 | 24.8 ± 0.5 | 26.6 ± 0.7 | 30.1 ± 2.3 |  < 0.001 |
WC, cm | 78.0 ± 6.5 | 82.8 ± 6.0 | 86.3 ± 6.1 | 89.7 ± 6.4 | 96.2 ± 8.3 |  < 0.001 |
BRI | 3.32 ± 0.84 | 3.83 ± 0.82 | 4.28 ± 0.88 | 4.75 ± 0.95 | 5.73 ± 1.34 |  < 0.001 |
BAE | 28.84 ± 6.62 | 31.95 ± 6.38 | 33.85 ± 6.40 | 35.94 ± 6.40 | 39.52 ± 6.75 |  < 0.001 |
WHtR | 0.50 ± 0.04 | 0.52 ± 0.04 | 0.55 ± 0.04 | 0.57 ± 0.04 | 0.61 ± 0.06 |  < 0.001 |
Smoking, % |  |  |  |  |  |  < 0.001 |
 Never smokers | 11,974 (86.5) | 12,351 (88.9) | 12,408 (89.2) | 12,495 (89.8) | 12,510 (90.4) |  |
 Former smokers | 211 (1.5) | 208 (1.5) | 225 (1.6) | 220 (1.6) | 219 (1.6) |  |
 Current smokers | 1658 (12.0) | 1327 (9.6) | 1272 (9.1) | 1193 (8.6) | 1117 (8.1) |  |
Alcohol consumption, % |  |  |  |  |  |  < 0.001 |
 Never | 13,152 (95.0) | 13,208 (95.1) | 13,202 (94.9) | 13,137 (94.5) | 13,007 (93.9) |  |
 Once in a while | 378 (2.7) | 406 (2.9) | 413 (3.0) | 445 (3.2) | 492 (3.6) |  |
 More than once a week | 86 (0.6) | 94 (0.7) | 95 (0.7) | 122 (0.9) | 122 (0.9) |  |
 Every day | 227 (1.6) | 178 (1.3) | 195 (1.4) | 204 (1.5) | 225 (1.6) |  |
Physical exercise, % |  |  |  |  |  |  < 0.001 |
 Never | 9690 (70.0) | 9272 (66.8) | 8745 (62.9) | 8579 (61.7) | 8680 (52.7) |  |
 Once in a while | 284 (2.1) | 329 (2.4) | 340 (2.4) | 382 (2.7) | 395 (2.9) |  |
 More than once a week | 628 (4.5) | 809 (5.8) | 968 (7.0) | 1008 (7.2) | 1006 (7.3) |  |
 Every day | 3241 (23.4) | 3476 (25.0) | 3852 (27.7) | 3939 (28.3) | 3765 (27.2) |  |
Rural areas, % | 1550 (11.2) | 2203 (15.9) | 2479 (17.8) | 2600 (18.7) | 2544 (18.4) |  < 0.001 |
RHR, beat | 74.0 ± 11.8 | 73.3 ± 10.5 | 73.0 ± 10.7 | 73.2 ± 10.6 | 73.7 ± 10.8 |  < 0.001 |
SBP, mmHg | 138.5 ± 20.0 | 139.3 ± 18.2 | 141.3 ± 18.4 | 142.2 ± 18.6 | 144.5 ± 18.7 |  < 0.001 |
DBP, mmHg | 80.8 ± 10.8 | 82.4 ± 9.8 | 83.3 ± 9.9 | 84.1 ± 10.1 | 85.4 ± 10.4 |  < 0.001 |