Table 2 Baseline characteristics of the normal and low cognitive performance groups

Age, Mean (SE)

69.22 (0.19)

69.04 (0.20)

71.07 (0.47)

 < 0.001

Gender, n (%)

0.772

 Male

1380 (45.58)

1123 (45.67)

257 (44.61)

 Female

1450 (54.42)

1228 (54.33)

222 (55.39)

BMI, Mean (SE)

29.06 (0.24)

29.02 (0.25)

29.46 (0.46)

0.371

Race/Hispanic origin, n (%)

 < 0.001

 Mexican American

249 (3.36)

175 (2.58)

74 (11.67)

 Non-Hispanic white

1377 (80.04)

1282 (83.52)

95 (43.08)

 Non-Hispanic black

645 (7.97)

472 (6.42)

173 (24.42)

 Other

559 (8.63)

422 (7.48)

137 (20.83)

Marital status, n (%)

 < 0.001

 Married

1569 (62.28)

1353 (64.11)

216 (42.88)

 Widowed/divorced

1025 (30.71)

807 (29.17)

218 (47.09)

 Never married

161 (4.35)

130 (4.04)

31 (7.56)

 Living with a partner

75 (2.66)

61 (2.68)

14 (2.48)

Education, n (%)

 < 0.001

 Less than high school

715 (15.89)

408 (12.21)

307 (54.93)

 High school/GED

672 (22.45)

575 (22.27)

97 (24.35)

 College or above

1443 (61.66)

1368 (65.52)

75 (20.72)

Annual family income, n (%)

 < 0.001

  < $20,000

755 (17.34)

530 (14.89)

225 (43.36)

  ≥ $20,000

2075 (82.66)

1821 (85.11)

254 (56.64)

Sleep disorders, n (%)

337 (11.86)

284 (11.94)

53 (10.96)

0.638

Sleep time, Mean (SE)

7.17 (0.02)

7.17 (0.03)

7.10 (0.09)

0.493

Smoking status, n (%)

1437 (50.34)

1180 (50.25)

257 (51.24)

0.787

Alcohol intake, n (%)

898 (27.27)

718 (25.86)

180 (42.24)

 < 0.001

Work activity, n (%)

 < 0.001

 Vigorous

302 (12.72)

263 (13.35)

39 (6.01)

 Moderate

553 (21.81)

498 (22.80)

55 (11.31)

 Other

1975 (65.48)

1590 (63.85)

385 (82.68)

Recreational activity, n (%)

 < 0.001

 Vigorous

258 (11.16)

246 (12.06)

12 (1.67)

 Moderate

917 (33.69)

802 (34.89)

115 (20.95)

 Other

1655 (55.15)

1303 (53.06)

352 (77.38)

Depression, n (%)

258 (7.23)

175 (6.19)

83 (18.23)

 < 0.001

Hypertension, n (%)

1766 (58.83)

1430 (57.38)

336 (74.18)

 < 0.001

Diabetes, n (%)

705 (20.68)

530 (19.16)

175 (36.76)

 < 0.001

Stroke, n (%)

199 (6.51)

143 (5.95)

56 (12.52)

 < 0.001

Heart failure, n (%)

201 (6.70)

142 (5.76)

59 (16.70)

 < 0.001

Coronary heart disease, n (%)

264 (9.62)

222 (9.56)

42 (10.20)

0.735

Heart attack, n (%)

242 (8.56)

199 (8.40)

43 (10.29)

0.298

MedDiet Score, Mean (SE)

4.60 (0.10)

4.64 (0.10)

4.21 (0.16)

0.003

WBC count, Mean (SE)

6.96 (0.07)

6.93 (0.06)

7.34 (0.18)

0.012

Lymphocyte count, Mean (SE)

1.91 (0.03)

1.90 (0.03)

2.05 (0.08)

0.043

Neutrophil count, Mean (SE)

4.22 (0.04)

4.20 (0.04)

4.44 (0.12)

0.052

NLR, Mean (SE)

2.51 (0.04)

2.50 (0.04)

2.55 (0.10)

0.653

PLR, Mean (SE)

131.25 (1.90)

131.72 (1.95)

126.28 (3.70)

0.144

NAR, Mean (SE)

1.01 (0.01)

1.00 (0.01)

1.09 (0.03)

0.007