Table 1 Descriptive data of the groups “Successful” and “Unsuccessful”

Subject characteristics

Age (Years)

74 (72 – 75)

75 (71 – 77)

0.441^a

Sex (Male/Female)

8/5

6/15

0.080^b

Height (cm)

170 (161 – 174)

166 (161 – 170)

0.362^a

Weight (Kgs)

72 (65 – 81.5)

74.5 (57 – 80)

0.576^a

 FES–I

18 (17–23)

19 (17–24)

0.462^a

Sensory testing

 Visual Acuity

0.8 (0.8–0.9)

0.7 (0.7–0.9)

0.292^a

 Pressure Sense Left (Monofilament thickness, mm)

2 (2–4)

2 (2–4)

0.807^a

 Pressure Sense Right (Monofilament thickness, mm)

2 (0.4–4)

2 (2–4)

0.701^a

 JPS Neck Left (Mean error, Degrees)

2.1 (1.0–4.1)

4.0 (1.9–6.0)

0.205^a

 JPS Neck Right (Mean error, Degrees)

2.4 (1.6–4.2)

4.1 (2.1–6.7)

0.169^a

 JPS Knee Left (Mean error, Degrees)

4.3 (3.3–4.7)

4 (3.3–5.3)

0.807^a

 JPS Knee Right (Mean error, Degrees)

4 (3–5.7)

3.7 (3.2–5.1)

0.957^a

 JPS Ankle Left (Mean error, Degrees)

3 (2.7–4.7)

4.7 (3.7–5.4)

0.221^a

 JPS Ankle Right (Mean error, Degrees)

3.7 (1.7–4.3)

3.7 (3.2–6.2)

0.316^a

Muscle strength testing

 Hip Extension Left (Nm)

50.4 (35.3–67.4)

46.2 (35.7–54.6)

0.400^a

 Hip Extension Right (Nm)

52.6 (34.6–79.5)

46.2 (39.2–57.9)

0.246^a

 Hip Abduction Left (Nm)

55.7 (33.5–76.2)

46.9 (27.8–65)

0.344^a

 Hip Abduction Right (Nm)

54 (34.8–75.1)

54.4 (39.9–69.69

0.917^a

 Knee Extension Left (Nm)

92.2 (68.5–112.3)

73.1 (61–95.7)

0.205^a

 Knee Extension Right (Nm)

79.5 (68.5–112.7)

76.2 (61.7–97.1)

0.701^a

 Knee Flexion Left (Nm)

74.4 (58.6–91.1)

54.6 (50.9–79.7)

0.129^a

 Knee Flexion Right (Nm)

86.8 (57.2–92.2)

56.1 (48.7–84.8)

0.158^a

 Ankle Dorsal flexion Left (Nm)

20.7 (19–30.6)

19.7 (17–23.2)

0.148^a

 Ankle Dorsal flexion Right (Nm)

20.1 (17.6–37.4)

24.3 (17.9–25.8)

0.701^a

 Ankle Plantar flexion Left (Nm)

91.4 (59.7–130.7)

72.4 (64.5–95.3)

0.362^a

 Ankle Plantar flexion Right (Nm)

90.7 (55.1–107.7)

72.4 (57.5–102.4)

0.552^a

Non-postural computer reaction test

 Non-postural reaction time (ms)

354 (326–367)

390 (358–439)

0.082^a

Surface perturbation task

 Time to muscle onset

160 (140–253)

155 (135–261)

0.899^a

 CCI Feed–forward

0.02 (0.01–0.04)

0.02 (0.02–0.03)

0.344^a

 CCI Feedback

0.08 (0.06–0.14)

0.16 (0.09–0.29)

0.046^a