Oropharyngeal dysphagia and associated factors among individuals living in nursing homes in northern Sweden in 2007 and 2013

Table 4 Associated factors (potential predictors) of oropharyngeal dysphagia among nursing home residents in year 2007 and 2013

Variables	OR (95% confidence interval)
Variables	Adjusted^a	P value
Age	1.01 (0.99–1.02)	0.380
Sex (ref. men)	1.11 (0.91–1.34)	0.314
Year (ref. 2007)	0.80 (0.67–0.96)	0.017
Cognition (Gottfries’ continuous 0–27)	1.05 (1.04–1.07)	< 0.001
Cognition (Gottfries’ 0–2 vs > 2) (ref. > 2)	1.56 (1.14–2.12)	0.005
ADL (4–24)	0.81 (0.79–0.83)	< 0.001

OR odds ratio, ADL activity of daily living
For the logistic regression models (univariable and multivariable), the reference categories were: men sex, year 2007, and Gottfries’ cognition score > 2. Cognition was modelled using one continuous variable and one dichotomized variable, allowing a non-linear association between dysphagia and cognition
^aMultivariable model

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