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Table 2 Pre-post MR analysis of medication number, MRCI, DBI and MDE

From: Improving individualized prescription in patients with multimorbidity through medication review

Pharmacological data

Previous MR

Post-MR

Difference

P

Number of medications, mean [sd]

All patients

8.13 (3.94)

6.67 (3.72)

-1,45 (1,97)

 < 0.001

Sex

Men

8.43 (3.57)

6.98 (3.68)

-1,45 (1,94)

 < 0.001

Women

7.95 (4.10)

6.50 (3.74)

-1,45 (1,99)

 < 0.001

Frailty degree

No frailty: 0–0.19

7.19 (4.50)

6.65 (3.85)

-0,54 (2,34)

 > 0.05

Mild frailty: 0.20–0.35

7.67 (3.48)

6.79 (3.27)

-0,88 (1,82)

 < 0.001

Moderate frailty: 0.36–0.50

8.18 (4.16)

6.79 (4.19)

-1,40 (1,61)

 < 0.001

Severe frailty: > 0.50

9.18 (3.59)

6.05 (2.90)

-3,13 (2,12)

 < 0.001

Medication regimen complexity index, mean [sd]

Whole sample

31.0 (16.2)

25.1 (15.1)

-5.9 (8.2)

 < 0.001

Sex

Men

31.3 (14.4)

25.0 (14.3)

-6.3 (7.6)

 < 0.001

Women

30.9 (17.1)

25.2 (15.4)

-5.7 (8.5)

 < 0.001

Frailty degree

No frailty: 0–0.19

27.2 (18.6)

25.6 (15.4)

-1.6 (10.5)

 > 0.05

Mild frailty: 0.20–0.35

28.7 (14.1)

24.8 (13.1)

-3.9 (7.7)

0.002

Moderate frailty: 0.36–0.50

31.6 (17.4)

25.9 (17.1)

-5.7 (6.6)

 < 0.001

Severe frailty: > 0.50

35.5 (14.5)

23.1 (11.9)

-12.4 (9.1)

 < 0.001

Drug burden index, mean [sd]

Whole sample

1.19 (0.82)

1.09 (0.82)

-0.10 (0.35)

 < 0.001

Sex

Men

1.14 (0.90)

1.00 (0.86)

-0.14 (0.38)

 < 0.001

Women

1.22 (0.78)

1.13 (0.80)

-0.09 (0.34)

 < 0.001

Frailty degree

No frailty: 0–0.19

0.47 (0.53)

0.45 (0.44)

-0.02 (0.28)

0.794

Mild frailty: 0.20–0.35

0.84 (0.65)

0.78 (0.65)

-0.06 (0.32)

0.083

Moderate frailty: 0.36–0.50

1.40 (0.84)

1.27 (0.89)

-0.13 (0.38)

 < 0.001

Severe frailty: > 0.50

1.58 (0.73)

1.43 (0.72)

-0.15 (0.33)

0.002

Monthly drug expenditure, median (Q1;Q3)

All patients

57.61 (27.01;116.54)

45.72 (20.32;99.26)

-4.81 (-16.5;0)

 < 0.001

Sex

Men

78.69 (33.71;135.32)

66.19 (25.08;121.42)

-5.53 (-19.1;0)

 < 0.001

Women

50.59 (23.06;107.00)

41.55 (18.36;93.37)

-4.72 (-13.9;0)

 < 0.001

Frailty degree

No frailty: 0–0.19

32.48 (15.89;84.40)

49.29 (11.32;85.87)

-0.59 (-4.5;8.8)

0.935

Mild frailty: 0.20–0.35

50.07 (21.63;100.11)

43.45 (19.90;99.26)

-2.14 (-9.98;0)

0.040

Moderate frailty: 0.36–0.50

68.77 (27.90;121.13)

48.17 (20.25;107.97)

-5.97 (-16.9;0)

 < 0.001

Severe frailty: > 0.50

63.21 (38.25;137.53)

47.86 (25.93;93.06)

-11.3(-22.33;3.69)

 < 0.001

  1. Abbreviations: Sd Standard deviation, MR Medication review