Table 2 Description of physical frailty for the whole sample and by gender
Physical frailty measure | All n = 1241 | Males n = 407 | Females n = 834 | Test of difference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Balancea n (%) | ||||
 Unable | 358 (28.8) | 115 (25.3) | 243 (29.1) | 3.8 (4), 0.440 |
 Side-by-side 10 seconds | 165 (13.3) | 48 (11.8) | 117 (14.0) |  |
 Semi-tandem stand 10 seconds | 268 (21.6) | 84 (20.6) | 184 (22.1) |  |
 Tandem stand 3–9.99 seconds | 187 (15.1) | 71 (17.4) | 116 (13.9) |  |
 Tandem stand 10 seconds | 263 (21.2) | 89 (21.9) | 174 (20.9) |  |
Gait speed (4 m)a n (%) | ||||
 Unable | 338 (27.2) | 112 (27.5) | 226 (27.1) | 5.4 (4), 0.245 |
  ≥ 8.71 seconds | 303 (24.4) | 88 (21.6) | 215 (25.8) |  |
 6.21 to 8.70 seconds | 266 (21.4) | 87 (21.4) | 179 (21.5) |  |
 4.82 to 6.20 seconds | 156 (14.3) | 70 (17.2) | 108 (13.0) |  |
  ≤ 4.81 seconds | 156 (12.6) | 50 (12.3) | 106 (12.7) |  |
Gait speed (seconds)a mean (SD) | 12.0 (45.5) | 12.3 (44.7) | 11.8 (46.0) | −1.4, 0.1667 |
Strength (repeated chair stand)a n (%) | ||||
 Unable or not completed in 60 seconds | 800 (64.5) | 260 (63.9) | 540 (64.8) | 1.8 (4), 0.767 |
 16.70 to 50.00 seconds | 250 (20.1) | 82 (20.2) | 168 (20.1) |  |
 13.70 to 16.69 seconds | 74 (6.0) | 29 (7.1) | 45 (5.4) |  |
 11.20 to 13.69 seconds | 58 (4.7) | 19 (4.7) | 39 (4.7) |  |
  ≤ 11.19 seconds | 59 (4.8) | 17 (4.2) | 42 (5.0) |  |
SPPB Total Scorea mean (SD) | 4.1 (3.3) | 4.2 (3.3) | 4.1 (3.9) | 0.8, 0.4037 |
 Non-frail 10 to 12 n (%) | 86 (6.9) | 31 (7.6) | 55 (6.6) |  |
 Pre-frail 7 to 9 n (%) | 229 (18.5) | 78 (19.2) | 151 (18.1) |  |
 Frail 0 to 6 n (%) | 926 (74.6) | 298 (73.2) | 628 (75.3) |  |
Grip strength, strongest (kg)a mean (SD) | 14.9 (7.5) | 20.2 (8.3) | 12.4 (5.4) | 16.5, 0.0000 |
Sarcopenic (EWGSOP-II criteria) n (%) | 916 (74) | 599 (72) | 317 (78) | Â |