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Table 2 Implementation of housing adaptations, by functional limitations

From: Implementation and costs of housing adaptations among older adults with different functional limitations in Japan

Functional limitation

Total n (%)

Implemented n (%)

Not Implemented n (%)

p-value

Cognitive function

 Independent

4797 (46.2)

874 (53.9)

3923 (44.8)

 < 0.001

 Rank I

4688 (45.2)

664 (40.9)

4024 (46.0)

 

 Rank IIa or worse

887 (8.6)

84 (5.2)

803 (9.2)

 

Visual impairment

 Intact

8514 (82.1)

1373 (84.6)

7141 (81.6)

0.003

 Visually impaired

1858 (17.9)

249 (15.4)

1609 (18.4)

 

Hearing impairment

 Intact

6731 (64.9)

1083 (66.8)

5648 (64.5)

0.085

 Hearing impaired

3641 (35.1)

539 (33.2)

3102 (35.5)

 

Poor balance

 Can keep standing without any support

1619 (15.6)

147 (9.1)

1472 (16.8)

 < 0.001

 Can keep standing with some support

8297 (80.0)

1367 (84.3)

6930 (79.2)

 

 Cannot keep standing

456 (4.4)

108 (6.7)

348 (4.0)

 

Upper extremity impairment

 Intact

9489 (91.5)

1474 (90.9)

8015 (91.6)

0.337

 Upper extremity impaired

883 (8.5)

148 (9.1)

735 (8.4)

 

Lower extremity impairment

 Intact

6893 (66.5)

951 (58.6)

5942 (67.9)

 < 0.001

 Lower extremity impaired

3479 (33.5)

671 (41.4)

2808 (32.1)

 
  1. χ2 test. Significant p-values are bolded