Preference of caregivers on residential care homes for older persons with versus without communication problems: a discrete choice experiment

Table 3 Preference and willingness-to-pay for the attributes of care homes according to communication abilities of older persons

Attributes	Older person without communication problems			Older person with communication problems			P value^a
Attributes	Coeff.	95%CI	MWTP	Coeff.	95%CI	MWTP	P value^a
Type of care homes: NGO care homes	0.24	(− 0.15, 0.64)		0.47*	(0.26, 0.68)	1777.4	0.316
Distance: half an hour to one hour travelling time	0.17	(− 0.25, 0.60)		0.27*	(0.07, 0.48)	1034.9	0.672
Distance: Within half an hour travelling time	0.15	(−0.32, 0.62)		0.40*	(0.15, 0.65)	1502.5	0.358
Room type: shared room (2–3 people)	0.63*	(0.20, 1.07)	2082.4	0.33*	(0.13, 0.53)	1240.8	0.213
Room type: single room	0.93*	(0.34, 1.51)	3048.1	0.54*	(0.27, 0.81)	2043.2	0.241
Manpower: extra healthcare professionals	0.54*	(0.22, 0.85)	1765.5	0.09	(−0.05, 0.23)		0.010*
Enhanced service: flexible choice of enhanced services	0.42*	(0.10, 0.74)	1386.8	0.33*	(0.13, 0.53)	1554.2	0.954
Copayment (per HK$1000)	−0.30*	(− 0.47, − 0.14)		− 0.26*	(− 0.35, − 0.18)		0.676
Opt-out	−2.27*	(−3.30, −1.25)		−2.81*	(−3.36, −2.26)		0.366

^*P < 0.05; the reference levels of the attributes are: 1) Type of care homes: private for-profit homes; 2) Distance: Over one hour travelling time; 3) Room type: Shared room (4–6 people); 4) Manpower: more care workers; and 5) Enhanced service: limited choices in enhanced services
^aThe P values in this column that were derived from the interaction terms of the regression model indicate the difference of coefficient estimates of the same attribute between those with and without communication problems. The coefficients in the table were calculated by adding the coefficients of the attribute main effects and the coefficients of the interaction terms between the attribute and communication problem. The 95% confidence intervals were estimated using Delta method. Original model outcomes can be found in supplementary Table S6

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