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Table 1 Demographics, comprehensive geriatric assessment parameters, and laboratory measurements of the patients according to multimorbidity

From: Predictivity of the comorbidity indices for geriatric syndromes

Variables

Low CCI

(Multimorbidity – group)

(n= 311)a

High CCI

(Multimorbidity + group)

(n= 55)a

p value*

DEMOGRAPHICS

 Age

77 [71–81]a

77 [71–84]a

0.13

 Sex (Female %)

66.8

74.5

0.27

 Education (> 8 years %)

30.9

29.4

0.17

 Number of Drugs

5 [3–8]a

8 [7–11]a

 < 0.01*

 Length of Stay

5 [4–7]a

6 [5–7]a

0.01*

GERIATRIC SYNDROMES (%)

 

 Urinary incontinence

54.0

50.9

0.77

 Falls

42.4

43.6

0.88

 Dementia

21.9

43.6

 < 0.01*

 Malnutrition

6.3

11.1

0.24

 Depression

42.1

47.3

0.55

 Frailty

44.2

54.3

0.26

 Polypharmacy

60.8

92.7

 < 0.01*

 Orthostatic Hypotension

18.6

19.1

0.93

COMORBIDITIES (%)

 

 Hypertension

71.1

92.7

 < 0.01*

 Coronary Artery Disease

18.0

34.5

0.03*

 Congestive Heart Failure

2.9

9.1

0.44

 COPD

6.8

33.6

 < 0.01*

 Cerebrovascular Disease

7.4

21.8

 < 0.01*

 Diabetes Mellitus

29.3

65.5

 < 0.01*

 Hyperlipidemia

65.3

56.4

0.20

COMORBIDITY INDICES

 Charlson Comorbidity Index

2 [1–3]a

5 [5, 6]a

 < 0.01*

 Elixhauser Comorbidity Measure

2 [(-2)-7]a

9 [4.75–13.25]a

 < 0.01*

 Geriatric Index of Comorbidity

2 [2–2]a

2 [2, 3]a

0.02*

 Medicines Comorbidity Index

3 [2–4]a

5 [4–7]a

 < 0.01*

COMPREHENSIVE GERIATRIC ASSESSMENT PARAMETERS

 MMSE

25 [19–29]a

26 [18.75–29]a

0.61

 YGDS

3 [1–6]a

2 [0–6]a

0.41

 POMAT

26 [21–28]a

24 [18–27]a

0.10

 MNA

13 [11–14]a

13 [10–13.25]a

0.33

 BADL

90 [80–95]a

90 [60–95]a

0.03*

 IADL

16 [9–22]a

14 [6–20]a

0.08

 Timed Up & Go Test

14 [11–20]a

13.75 [10.72–20]a

0.94

LABORATORY VALUES

 Hemoglobin (g/dL)

12.40 [11.50–13.42]a

11.60 [10.70–12.60]a

 < 0.01*

 eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)

80.63 [65.08–89]a

50.20 [42.30–59.78]a

 < 0.01*

 LDL (mg/dL)

129 [106–154]a

116 [86–138]a

0.01*

 Albumin (g/dL)

4.11 ± 0.72

3.91 ± 0.41

0.01*

 Folic acid (ng/mL)

6.70 [5.43–9.57]a

6.62 [4.55–9]a

0.30

 Vitamin B12 (pg/mL)

333 [216.25–469.75]a

351 [207–536]a

0.52

 25-OH D vitamin (ng/mL)

19.60 [13.03–24.86]a

19.11 [15.34–26.62]a

0.45

  1. 25 (OH)-D 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D, BADL Basic Activities of Daily Living (0–100), IADL Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (0–23), BMI Body Mass Index, eGFR estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate, COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, LOS Length of stay, MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination (0–30), MNA-SF Mini-Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (0–14), OH Orthostatic Hypotension, POMAT Performance-oriented Mobility Assessment-Total (0–28), TSH Thyroid Stimulant Hormone, YGDS Yesevage Geriatric Depression Scale (0–15)
  2. aThe first quartile (Q1) and the third quartile (Q3) of the non-normal distributed data were shown in the parenthesis
  3. *Bold p values indicate statistical significance p < 0.05