Table 2 Association between sleep quality, duration, and the utility scores using Tobit regression analysis

Sleep quality model

β

95%CI

P

β

95%CI

P

β

95%CI

P

Poor

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Less-healthy

0.016

0.008, 0.024

< 0.001

0.014

0.006, 0.022

< 0.001

0.012

0.004, 0.020

0.003

Healthy

0.025

0.017, 0.033

< 0.001

0.023

0.015, 0.031

< 0.001

0.021

0.012, 0.029

< 0.001

R²

Sleep duration (hours) model

β

95%CI

P

β

95%CI

P

β

95%CI

P

<=5

−0.070

−0.079, −0.061

< 0.001

−0.065

−0.074, −0.056

< 0.001

−0.062

−0.071, − 0.053

< 0.001

6

−0.026

− 0.030, − 0.022

< 0.001

− 0.024

− 0.029, − 0.020

< 0.001

− 0.023

− 0.027, − 0.018

< 0.001

7–8

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

9

−0.018

− 0.024, − 0.011

< 0.001

− 0.015

−0.021, − 0.008

< 0.001

−0.014

− 0.021, − 0.008

< 0.001

> = 10

− 0.084

−0.098, − 0.070

< 0.001

−0.077

− 0.092, − 0.063

< 0.001

−0.072

− 0.086, − 0.058

< 0.001

R²