Table 1 Comparison of baseline data between non-sarcopenia and sarcopenia

Age

61.00 [55.00,66.00]

69.00 [63.00,75.00]

< 0.001

Sex, n (%)

< 0.001

 Male

1084 (32.72%)

292 (56.59%)

 Female

2229 (67.28%)

224 (43.41%)

Ethnicity, n (%)

< 0.001

 Han

1401 (42.29%)

261 (50.58%)

 Qiang

902 (27.23%)

80 (15.50%)

 Tibetan

812 (24.51%)

122 (23.64%)

 Yi

145 (4.38%)

44 (8.53%)

 Other minority

53 (1.60%)

9 (1.74%)

Marital status, n (%)

< 0.001

 Single

19 (0.57%)

8 (1.55%)

 Married

2827 (85.33%)

392 (75.97%)

 Divorced

53 (1.60%)

10 (1.94%)

 Widowed

414 (12.50%)

106 (20.54%)

Smoking, n (%)

517 (15.61%)

150 (29.07%)

< 0.001

Drinking alcohol, n (%)

853 (25.75%)

136 (26.36%)

0.81

ADL, n (%)

< 0.001

 Normal ADL

3003 (90.64%)

439 (85.08%)

 ADL impairment

310 (9.36%)

77 (14.92%)

IADL, n (%)

< 0.001

 Normal IADL

2657 (80.20%)

336 (65.12%)

 IADL impairment

656 (19.80%)

180 (34.88%)

Moderate to severe cognitive impairment, n (%)

415 (12.53%)

108 (20.93%)

< 0.001

Number of comorbidities, n (%)

0.13

 0

1878 (56.69%)

288 (55.81%)

 1

749 (22.61%)

103 (19.96%)

  ≥ 2

686 (20.71%)

125 (24.22%)

Moderate to severe anxiety, n (%)

125 (3.77%)

19 (3.68%)

0.981

Moderate to severe depression, n (%)

149 (4.50%)

28 (5.43%)

0.411

Total bilirubin (umol/L)

18.10 [14.40,20.30]

18.00 [14.07,20.30]

0.397

Direct bilirubin (umol/L)

5.30 [4.20,6.80]

5.50 [4.30,7.30]

0.027

Indirect bilirubin (umol/L)

12.50 [10.00,14.40]

12.00 [9.40,14.20]

0.004

Total protein (g/L)

71.91 (5.88)

70.61 (5.13)

< 0.001

Globulin (g/L)

27.50 (4.98)

27.59 (3.99)

0.653

ALT (U/L)

24.00 [18.00,33.00]

19.00 [15.00,26.25]

< 0.001

AST (U/L)

26.00 [22.00,32.00]

27.00 [23.00,33.00]

0.11

CREA (umol/L)

80.33 (19.06)

83.14 (19.98)

0.003

Urea (mmol/L)

5.40 (1.60)

5.50 (1.82)

0.247

Uric acid (umol/L)

328.50 (81.68)

329.49 (90.39)

0.815

GLU (mmol/L)

5.17 [4.81,5.70]

5.01 [4.67,5.47]

< 0.001

TG (mmol/L)

1.45 [1.00,2.16]

1.23 [0.89,1.73]

< 0.001

TC (mmol/L)

4.81 (0.92)

4.66 (0.95)

0.001

HDL (mmol/L)

1.26 (0.30)

1.34 (0.36)

< 0.001

LDL (mmol/L)

2.68 (0.88)

2.65 (0.80)

0.498

WBC (10⁹/L)

5.60 [4.80,6.60]

5.70 [4.80,6.70]

0.308

Absolute neutrophil count (10⁹/L)

3.40 [2.70,4.20]

3.60 [2.70,4.30]

0.034

Absolute lymphocyte count (10⁹/L)

1.70 [1.40,2.10]

1.60 [1.30,2.00]

0.003

Neutrophilic granulocyte percentage (%)

60.91 (8.51)

62.33 (9.48)

0.001

Lymphocyte percentage (%)

31.72 (7.85)

30.39 (8.63)

0.001

RBC (10¹²/L)

4.93 (0.58)

4.86 (0.62)

0.008

RDW-SD (fL)

51.94 (4.38)

53.83 (5.12)

< 0.001

RDW-CV (%)

14.63 (0.76)

14.94 (0.94)

< 0.001

Hemoglobin (g/L)

148.47 (17.32)

147.77 (18.66)

0.418

Hematocrit (L/L)

47.17 (5.56)

47.09 (6.21)

0.775

Mean corpuscular volume (fL)

96.00 [93.20,98.90]

96.95 [93.90,99.90]

< 0.001

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (pg)

30.40 [29.40,31.30]

30.50 [29.60,31.60]

0.001

MCHC (g/L)

315.00 [311.00,319.00]

315.00 [311.00,319.25]

0.758

Platetlet (10⁹/L)

168.71 (55.92)

168.79 (57.65)

0.975

Plateletcrit (%)

0.18 [0.15,0.21]

0.17 [0.14,0.20]

0.032

Mean platelet volume (fL)

11.10 [10.00,12.30]

10.70 [9.70,11.90]

< 0.001

Platelet distribution width (%)

13.50 [12.20,15.30]

13.00 [11.70,14.70]

< 0.001

Platelet large cell ratio (%)

34.90 [27.50,42.30]

31.65 [24.68,40.23]

< 0.001

Thyroid stimulating hormone (mU/L)

2.82 [1.84,4.26]

2.66 [1.73,4.23]

0.172

FT3 (pmol/l)

4.49 [4.10,4.93]

4.36 [3.97,4.80]

< 0.001

FT4 (pmol/l)

17.82 [16.14,19.53]

18.42 [16.36,20.50]

< 0.001

INS (uU/ml)

7.18 [4.89,10.45]

4.53 [3.01,6.66]

< 0.001

Plasma total cortisol (nmol/L)

343.07 (147.67)

383.36 (136.04)

< 0.001

VitD (ng/ml)

19.29 (6.24)

18.58 (6.37)

0.019

GNRI

114.53 (8.19)

104.96 (8.17)

< 0.001

ALB (g/L)

44.41 (2.96)

43.03 (3.33)

< 0.001

CC (cm)

35.32 (2.94)

31.70 (2.77)

< 0.001

MAC (cm)

29.43 (3.02)

25.51 (2.62)

< 0.001

TST (cm)

25.01 (8.29)

18.55 (7.27)

< 0.001

BMI (kg/m²)

25.79 (3.54)

21.91 (3.01)

< 0.001

ASMI (kg/m²)

6.76 (0.89)

5.79 (0.81)

< 0.001

Handgrip strength (kg)

22.71 (8.70)

18.23 (6.86)

< 0.001

Time consumed in the 4-m walking test (s)

5.02 (1.96)

5.93 (2.93)

< 0.001

Time consumed in the 5-time chair stand test (s)

11.32 (3.14)

13.28 (3.89)

< 0.001