Table 2 Comorbidities of the study population according to headache type
Variable | Episodic migraine (n = 198) | Tension type headache (n = 120) | Hemicranias continua or cluster headache (n = 39) | chronic migraine (n = 61) | HTN-induced headache (n = 42) | Cervicogenic headache (n = 47) | Medication overuse headache (n = 63) | P-value # | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cardiovascular disorders | 26 | 13.1% | 25 | 20.8% | 9 | 23.1% | 13 | 21.3% | 11 | 26.2% | 13 | 27.7% | 11 | 17.5% | 0.166 | |
Hypertension | 41 | 20.7% | 36 | 30.0% | 14 | 35.9% | 20 | 32.8% | 31 | 73.8% | 10 | 21.3% | 20 | 31.7% | < 0.001 | |
Thyroid disorders | Hypothyroidism | 50 | 25.3% | 34 | 28.3% | 7 | 17.9% | 15 | 24.6% | 8 | 19.0% | 10 | 21.3% | 28 | 44.4% | 0.012 |
Hyperthyroidism | 38 | 19.2% | 17 | 14.2% | 5 | 12.8% | 21 | 34.4% | 7 | 16.7% | 4 | 8.5% | 3 | 4.8% | ||
Thyroid nodules | 4 | 2.0% | 1 | 0.8% | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 1 | 2.4% | 1 | 2.1% | 2 | 3.2% | ||
Renal disorders | Renal failure | 3 | 1.5% | 1 | 0.8% | 0 | 0.0% | 1 | 1.6% | 3 | 7.1% | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 0.084 |
Kidney stones | 20 | 10.1% | 16 | 13.3% | 4 | 10.3% | 6 | 9.8% | 5 | 11.9% | 4 | 8.5% | 14 | 22.2% | ||
Gastrointestinal disorders | diarrhea | 34 | 17.2% | 14 | 11.7% | 10 | 25.6% | 6 | 9.8% | 2 | 4.8% | 6 | 13.0% | 9 | 14.3% | 0.112 |
History of gastrointestinal bleeding and/or Peptic/duodenal ulcers | 23 | 11.6% | 17 | 14.2% | 2 | 5.1% | 9 | 14.8% | 5 | 11.9% | 2 | 4.3% | 16 | 25.4% | 0.024 | |
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) | 57 | 28.8% | 28 | 23.3% | 5 | 12.8% | 10 | 16.4% | 7 | 16.7% | 8 | 17.0% | 19 | 30.2% | 0.088 | |
Cervical spine disease | disc disorders | 31 | 15.7% | 9 | 7.5% | 1 | 2.6% | 7 | 11.5% | 3 | 7.1% | 2 | 4.3% | 11 | 17.5% | 0.103 |
Degenerative disorders | 56 | 28.3% | 40 | 33.3% | 11 | 28.2% | 20 | 32.8% | 17 | 40.5% | 16 | 34.0% | 24 | 38.1% | ||
Clenched teeth / Bruxism | 34 | 17.2% | 21 | 17.5% | 12 | 30.8% | 12 | 19.7% | 13 | 31.0% | 6 | 12.8% | 12 | 19.0% | 0.066 | |