| t1 compared to t0 | t2 compared to t0 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Outcomes: No. of primary and secondary outcomes [n]; No. of affected NHRs [n(%)] | CG; NHRs [n = 103]a | IG; NHRs [n = 103]a | p value | CG; NHRs [n = 95]a | IG; NHRs [n = 96]a | p value |
Primary outcome | ||||||
 No. of total medication changes | 118; 52 (50%) | 250; 78 (76%) | <  0.001b | 336; 81 (85%) | 385; 87 (90%) | 0.680 |
Secondary outcomes | ||||||
 Medication changes in subcategories | ||||||
  No. of new drugs | 46; 34 (33%) | 43; 29 (28%) | 0.450 | 120; 56 (59%) | 85; 47 (49%) | 0.218 |
  No. of discontinued drugs | 36; 21 (20%) | 93; 49 (48%) | <  0.001b | 122; 53 (56%) | 123; 57 (59%) | 0.722 |
  No. of drugs with dose reduction | 10; 9 (9%) | 30; 25 (24%) | 0.003b | 24; 20 (21%) | 43; 30 (31%) | 0.196 |
  No. of drugs with dose increase | 10; 8 (8%) | 6; 6 (6%) | 0.580 | 15; 12 (13%) | 21; 15 (16%) | 0.694 |
  No. of acute intermediate prescriptions (new and discontinued drugs)c | 8; 7 (7%) | 16; 10 (10%) | 0.774 | 28; 22 (23%) | 29; 19 (20%) | 0.360 |
  No. of documentation changes in medication records | 2; 2 (2%) | 36; 26 (25%) | <  0.001b | 5; 5 (5%) | 44; 28 (29%) | <  0.001b |
  No. of drugs changed to PRN medications | 1; 1 (1%) | 10; 10 (10%) | 0.010b | 2; 2 (2%) | 13; 13 (14%) | 0.005b |
  No. of altered drug regime (timing, formulation or dosage interval) | 1; 1 (1%) | 8; 5 (5%) | 0.211 | 5; 5 (5%) | 14; 9 (9%) | 0.267 |
  No. of other changes in the medication chartsd | 4; 3 (3%) | 8; 8 (8%) | 0.065 | 15; 13 (14%) | 13; 11 (11%) | 0.817 |
 Other secondary outcomes | t1 |  |  | t2 |  |  |
  No. of chronic medications, median (Q25/Q75; Min-Max) | 8 (6/10; 2–19) | 7 (5/10; 2–16) | 0.138 | 9 (7/11; 2–21) | 7 (5/10; 2–19) | 0.005b |
  No. of falls | 17; 13 (13%) | 20; 20 (19%) | 0.128 | 59; 33 (35%) | 59; 39 (41%) | 0.376 |
  No. of hospital admissions | 14; 13 (13%) | 16; 16 (16%) | 0.548 | 36; 29 (31%) | 38; 31 (32%) | 0.783 |
  No. of deaths | 1 (1%) | 3 (3%) | 0.621 | 8 (8%) | 10 (10%) | 0.668 |