Table 1 Baseline characteristics among the elder in China
Characteristic | N | % | Alive | Dead | /2(P) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | (< 0.001) | ||||
65 ~ | 1865 | 16.62 | 1250(67.02) | 615(32.98) | |
75 ~ | 2312 | 20.60 | 751(32.48) | 1561(67.52) | |
85 ~ | 3837 | 34.19 | 259(6.75) | 3578(93.25) | |
95 ~ | 3210 | 28.60 | 49(1.53) | 3161(98.47) | |
Gender | 13.9759(< 0.001) | ||||
Male | 4792 | 42.69 | 1065(22.22) | 3727(77.78) | |
Female | 6432 | 57.31 | 1244(19.34) | 5188(80.66) | |
Education level | 346.3358(< 0.001) | ||||
Illiteracy | 7294 | 64.99 | 1127(15.45) | 6167(84.55) | |
Primary school and below | 3016 | 26.87 | 870(28.85) | 2146(71.15) | |
Junior high school and above | 914 | 8.14 | 312(34.14) | 602(65.86) | |
Marital status | (< 0.001) | ||||
Have a spouse | 3492 | 31.11 | 1405(40.23) | 2087(59.77) | |
No spouse | 7732 | 68.89 | 904(11.69) | 6828(88.31) | |
Self-assessment of economic status | 14.4912(< 0.001) | ||||
Rich | 1426 | 12.70 | 291(20.41) | 1135(79.59) | |
General | 7724 | 68.82 | 1653(21.40) | 6071(78.60) | |
Poor | 2074 | 18.48 | 365(17.60) | 1709(82.40) | |
Living in | 2.8682(0.238) | ||||
City | 1558 | 13.88 | 296(19.00) | 1262(81.00) | |
Town | 2281 | 20.32 | 469(20.56) | 1812(79.44) | |
Rural | 7385 | 65.80 | 1544(20.91) | 5841(79.09) | |
Self-reported health | 255.8146(< 0.001) | ||||
Good | 4918 | 43.82 | 1276(25.95) | 3642(74.05) | |
General | 3295 | 29.36 | 701(21.27) | 2594(78.73) | |
Poor | 3011 | 26.83 | 332(11.03) | 2679(88.97) | |
ADL | |||||
Limited | 2387 | 21.27 | 46(1.93) | 2341(98.07) | 645.0073(< 0.001) |
Normal | 8837 | 78.73 | 2263(25.61) | 6574(74.39) | |
Chronic disease | 2.1626(0.339) | ||||
No | 4939 | 44.00 | 986(19.96) | 3953(80.04) | |
One of chronic disease | 3565 | 31.76 | 744(20.87) | 2821(79.13) | |
Two and above | 2720 | 24.23 | 579(21.29) | 2141(78.71) | |
Smoking | 40.6484(< 0.001) | ||||
Never | 7434 | 66.23 | 1496(20.12) | 5938(79.88) | |
Former | 1802 | 16.05 | 310(17.20) | 1492(82.80) | |
Current | 1988 | 17.71 | 503(25.30) | 1485(74.70) | |
Drinking | 28.8123(< 0.001) | ||||
Never | 7651 | 68.17 | 1524(19.92) | 6127(80.08) | |
Former | 1570 | 13.99 | 288(18.34) | 1282(81.66) | |
Current | 2003 | 17.85 | 497(24.81) | 1506(75.19) | |
Physical activity | 162.7729(< 0.001) | ||||
Physical inactivity | 6957 | 61.98 | 1302(18.71) | 5655(81.29) | |
Former | 1413 | 12.59 | 195(13.80) | 1218(86.20) | |
Current | 2854 | 25.43 | 812(28.45) | 2042(71.55) | |
BMI | 260.7597(< 0.001) | ||||
Underweight (< 18.5 kg/m2) | 3881 | 34.58 | 511(13.17) | 3370(86.83) | |
Normal weight (18.5–24.9 kg/m2) | 6424 | 57.23 | 1483(23.09) | 4941(76.91) | |
Overweight (25.0–29.9 kg/m2) | 785 | 6.99 | 270(34.39) | 515(65.61) | |
Obese (≥ 30.0 kg/m2) | 134 | 1.19 | 45(33.58) | 89(66.42) | |
Vegetable consumption | 32.1270(< 0.001) | ||||
Yes | 10,907 | 97.18 | 2284(20.94) | 8623(79.06) | |
Rarely or never | 317 | 2.82 | 25(7.89) | 292(92.11) | |
Fruit consumption | 67.3568(< 0.001) | ||||
Yes | 8259 | 73.58 | 1854(22.45) | 6405(77.55) | |
Rarely or never | 2965 | 26.42 | 455(15.35) | 2510(84.65) | |
Sleep duration | 108.9058(< 0.001) | ||||
7–9 h | 4930 | 43.92 | 1236(25.07) | 3694(74.93) | |
< 7/ > 9 h | 6294 | 56.08 | 1073(17.05) | 5221(82.95) |