Variable | Unadjusted Analysis | Adjusted Analysis | |
---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | ||
Demographics | |||
Age (Years) | 1.00 (0.99 – 1.01) | - | |
Sex (Female) | 0.87 (0.73 – 1.03) | - | |
Cognition, mood, behaviour | |||
Diagnosis   Alzheimer’s disease   Dementia other than Alzheimer’s disease b   Anxiety disorder or depression | 0.90 (0.72 – 1.12) 1.09 (0.92 – 1.29) 1.06 (0.87 – 1.28) | - - - | |
Moderately or severely impaired cognitive skills for daily decision-making c | 1.09 (0.92 – 1.28) | - | |
Deteriorated cognitive status d | 1.50 (1.00 – 2.26) | - | |
Wandering behaviours exhibitede | 1.23 (1.02 – 1.48) a | 1.34 (1.09 – 1.63) a | |
Presence of ≥ 1 indicators of delirium c | 0.94 (0.78 – 1.13) | - | |
Parenteral/IV or feeding tubec | 5.04 (1.58 – 16.1) a | - | |
Mood    ≥ 1 indicators of depression, sadness, or anxiety c   Deteriorated mood d | 1.21 (1.02 – 1.43) a 1.16 (0.83 – 1.62) | - - | |
Falls, mobility, pressure ulcers | |||
Fall occurred in last 180 days | 1.25 (1.05 – 1.47) a | - | |
Fractures   Hip fracture occurred in last 180 days   Other fracture occurred in last 180 days | 2.68 (1.16 – 6.21) a 1.03 (0.57 – 1.85) | 2.19 (0.93 – 5.12) - | |
Presence of ≥ 1 ulcers (Any stage) c | 1.36 (1.07 – 1.74) a | 1.37 (1.05 – 1.78) a | |
Hypotension | 1.01 (0.48 – 2.12) | - | |
Pain management | |||
Frequency (Daily or less than daily) c f | 1.33 (1.12 – 1.60) a | - | |
Intensity (Moderate, horrible, or excruciating) c f | 0.81 (0.65 – 1.02) | - | |
Urinary | |||
Incontinence  Bladder g h  Bowel g h  Deteriorated urinary continenced | 1.19 (0.99 – 1.43) 1.22 (1.03 – 1.44) a 0.89 (0.64 – 1.23) | - - - | |
Urinary tract infection§§ | 1.66 (1.18 – 2.34) a | 1.52 (1.06 – 2.18) a | |
Ostomy present g | 0.73 (0.39 – 1.37) | - | |
Urinary catheter present (External, indwelling, or intermittent) g | 1.86 (1.11 – 3.11) a | - | |
Clinical symptoms | |||
Stability of conditions   Acute episode or flare-up of recurrent or chronic problem c   End-stage disease e || | 1.48 (1.05 – 2.09) a 11.13 (1.53 – 80.91)a | - 9.70 (1.32 – 71.02) a | |
Chronic diseases   Diabetes mellitus   Congestive heart failure   Hypertension   Stroke   COPD   Cancer | 0.92 (0.76 – 1.12) 1.22 (0.92 – 1.64) 0.99 (0.83 – 1.20) 1.10 (0.89 – 1.35) 0.92 (0.71 – 1.18) 0.97 (0.75 – 1.26) | - - - - - - | |
Weight gain or loss of ≥ 1.5 kg (3 lbs.) c | 4.66 (0.62 – 34.85) | - | |
Shortness of breath c | 1.47 (1.03 – 2.10) a | - | |
Medications | |||
New medications initiated d | 1.42 (1.18–1.69) a | 1.31 (1.09 – 1.57) a | |
Number of medications c | 1.02 (1.00 – 1.04) | - | |
Received the following medications for ≥ 1 days c   Psychoactive medication (Antipsychotic, antianxiety, antidepressant, or hypnotic)   Diuretic   Analgesic | 1.03 (0.86 – 1.23) 1.18 (0.97 – 1.42) 1.36 (1.15 – 1.60) a | - - 1.24 (1.03 – 1.49) a | |
Special treatments and procedures | |||
Past hospital use d    ≥ 1 admissions with an overnight stay    ≥ 1 ED visits | 1.56 (1.26 – 1.93) a 1.61 (1.30 – 1.99) a | - - |