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Table 4 Multiple logistic regression analyses for factors associated with unfavorable self-rated happiness and mental component summary stratified by volunteer participation

From: Volunteer participation differentially moderates the association between insomnia and poor subjective well-being in community-dwelling older adults: the Yilan study, Taiwan

 

Self-rated Happiness

Short Form-12 Mental component summary

Volunteer

Volunteer

Yes

No

Yes

No

AOR (95% CI)

p-value

AOR (95% CI)

p-value

AOR (95% CI)

p-value

AOR (95% CI)

p-value

Age (≥ 75 vs. < 75 years)

0.70 (0.38–1.28)

0.25

0.93 (0.76–1.13)

0.47

1.12 (0.59–2.11)

0.73

0.91 (0.73–1.13)

0.40

Sex (male vs. female)

1.51 (0.67–3.41)

0.32

1.28 (0.98–1.66)

0.07

2.28 (0.98–5.30)

0.06

1.29 (0.95–1.73)

0.10

Body mass index (kg/m2)

  < 18.5 vs. 18.5–23.9

1.40 (0.22–8.95)

0.72

1.22 (0.76–1.96)

0.42

0.84 (0.14–4.94)

0.84

1.22 (0.73–2.03)

0.46

  > 23.9 vs. 18.5–23.9

0.55 (0.31–1.00)

0.049

0.98 (0.81–1.19)

0.85

0.74 (0.39–1.40)

0.36

0.87 (0.70–1.09)

0.22

 Disabled vs. 18.5–23.9

NAa

0.99

1.28 (0.81–2.02)

0.29

NAa

0.99

2.19 (1.40–3.43)

0.001

 Education status (illiterate vs. literate)

1.31 (0.55–3.11)

0.55

1.77 (1.41–2.23)

 < 0.001

0.43 (0.15–1.20)

0.11

0.91 (0.71–1.16)

0.45

Marital status

 Single/ divorced/ separated vs. Married

10.16 (0.68–15.58)

0.09

1.40 (0.64–3.06)

0.40

0.41 (0.01–13.97)

0.62

1.11 (0.50–2.47)

0.81

 Widowed vs. Married

1.80 (0.89–3.67)

0.40

1.21 (0.98–1.50)

0.08

0.97 (0.44–2.10)

0.93

0.98 (0.78–1.25)

0.89

 Living status (alone vs. with others)

1.19 (0.51–2.76)

0.69

1.04 (0.77–1.42)

0.79

0.69 (0.28–1.69)

0.41

1.06 (0.75–1.51)

0.73

 Frequency of exercise per week (≥ 3 vs. < 3 / week)

1.26 (0.66–2.43)

0.49

1.33 (1.10–1.60)

0.003

0.88 (0.42–1.84)

0.73

1.16 (0.94–1.43)

0.16

Smoking status

 Ex- smoker vs. Non-smoker

0.83 (0.32–2.17)

0.71

1.55 (1.13–2.13)

0.01

0.26 (0.09–0.75)

0.01

0.91 (0.63–1.31)

0.62

 Current smoker vs. Non-smoker

1.35 (0.45–1.02)

0.59

1.38 (0.96–1.97)

0.08

0.29 (0.08–1.07)

0.06

0.92 (0.60–1.39)

0.68

Drinking status

 Ex- drinker vs. Non-drinker

0.78 (0.19–3.27)

0.74

1.02 (0.66–1.58)

0.94

0.28 (0.04–2.01)

0.21

0.39 (0.22–0.67)

0.001

 Current drinker vs. Non-drinker

0.89 (0.40–1.98)

0.78

0.72 (0.54–0.97)

0.03

0.66 (0.27–1.59)

0.35

0.59 (0.42–0.85)

0.004

Medical history

 Diabetes mellitus (yes vs. no)

1.02 (0.49–2.08)

0.97

0.98 (0.79–1.21)

0.83

1.78 (0.83–3.82)

0.14

1.16 (0.91–1.48)

0.22

 Hypertension (yes vs. no)

1.97 (1.03–3.76)

0.04

1.19 (0.98–1.45)

0.08

0.80 (0.41–1.55)

0.50

0.95 (0.77–1.19)

0.68

 Cardiovascular disease (yes vs. no)

1.14 (0.61–2.16)

0.68

0.98 (0.80–1.20)

0.85

0.39 (0.19–0.82)

0.01

0.94 (0.75–1.17)

0.56

 Hyperlipidemia (yes vs. no)

0.56 (0.28–1.14)

0.11

1.22 (0.97–1.54)

0.09

0.94 (0.45–1.93)

0.86

0.94 (0.72–1.21)

0.60

 Stroke (yes vs. no)

0.45 (0.02–11.25)

0.63

1.01 (0.66–1.56)

0.96

NAa

0.99

1.16 (0.74–1.82)

0.52

 Snore (yes vs. no)

NAa

0.99

0.98 (0.72–2.30)

0.96

2.18 (0.19–24.94)

0.53

0.43 (0.12–1.50)

0.18

Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale

 Depression (≥ 6 vs. < 6)

1.10 (0.27–4.52)

0.89

2.35 (1.60–3.46)

 < 0.001

5.74 (1.04–31.73)

0.045

5.86 (4.01–8.58)

 < 0.001

 Anxiety (≥ 3 vs. < 3)

2.26 (1.21–4.24)

0.01

2.21 (1.80–2.72)

 < 0.001

4.14 (2.16–7.96)

 < 0.001

3.22 (2.60–3.98)

 < 0.001

 Groningen Activity Restriction Scale (≥ 19 vs. < 19)

2.11 (1.13–3.92)

0.02

1.86 (1.53–2.26)

 < 0.001

1.83 (0.93–3.60)

0.08

1.63 (1.31–2.02)

 < 0.001

 Taking hypnotics in the past one month (yes vs. no)

2.46 (1.25–4.85)

0.01

1.48 (1.19–1.86)

0.001

1.88 (0.91–3.91)

0.09

1.79 (1.42–2.25)

 < 0.001

 Epworth Sleepiness Scale (≥ 11 vs. < 11)

0.89 (0.34–2.31)

0.81

0.98 (0.73–1.31)

0.90

2.80 (1.10–7.16)

0.03

1.88 (1.39–2.54)

 < 0.001

Athens Insomnia Scale (≥ 5 vs. < 5)

3.91 (1.85–8.28)

 < 0.001

1.48 (1.18–1.86)

0.001

0.64 (0.27–1.50)

0.30

1.53 (1.21–1.94)

 < 0.001

  1. aOdds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were not available due to sparse cases
  2. AOR adjusted odds ratio