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Table 2 Baseline characteristics of 15,163 Chinese older participants by lifestyle category

From: Combined impact of lifestyle-related factors on total mortality among the elder Chinese: a prospective cohort study

Characteristics

Participants, No. (%)

P value

Total sample (n = 15,163)

Unhealthy lifestyle (n = 2056 [13.6%])

Intermediate lifestyle (n = 9988[65.9%])

Healthy lifestyle (n = 3119[20.5%])

Age, y

    

<.001

 65-79

4658(30.7)

557(27.1)

2915(29.2)

1186(38.0)

 80-94

6258(41.3)

881(42.9)

4092(41.0)

1285(41.2)

  > 95

4247(28.0)

618(30.0)

2981(29.8)

648(20.8)

Sex

    

<.001

 Men

6479(42.7)

1121(54.5)

3866(38.7)

1492(47.8)

 Women

8684(57.3)

935(45.5)

6122(61.3)

1627(52.2)

Education

    

<.001

 Illiteracy

9392(61.9)

1300(63.2)

6586(65.9)

1506(48.3)

 Literacy

5771(38.1)

756(36.8)

3402(34.1)

1613(51.7)

Region

    

<.001

 Urban

6940(45.8)

706(34.3)

4306(43.1)

1928(61.8)

 Rural

8223(54.2)

1350(65.7)

5682(56.9)

1191(38.2)

Marital status

    

<.001

 Married

4521(29.8)

573(27.9)

2757(27.6)

1191(38.2)

 Widowed and others

10,642(70.2)

1483(72.1)

7231(72.4)

1928(61.8)

Smoking status

    

<.001

 Never

9983(65.8)

447(21.7)

6735(67.4)

2801(89.8)

 Former

2709(17.9)

830(40.4)

1709(17.1)

170(5.5)

 Current

2471(16.3)

779(37.9)

1544(15.5)

148(4.7)

Alcohol consumption

    

<.001

 Never

10,111(66.7)

308(15.0)

6923(69.3)

2880(92.3)

 Former

2422(16.0)

854(41.5)

1460(14.6)

108(3.5)

 Current

2630(17.3)

894(43.5)

1605(16.1)

131(4.2)

Dietary diversity

    

<.001

 Poor

6851(45.2)

1731(84.2)

4869(48.7)

251(8.0)

 Good

8312(54.8)

325(15.8)

5119(51.3)

2868(92.0)

BMI, kg/m2

    

<.001

  < 18.5

6580(43.3)

538(26.2)

3791(38.0)

2251(72.2)

 18.5- 23.9

131(0.9)

38(1.8)

79(0.8)

14(0.4)

 24.0-27.9

6370(42.0)

1177(57.2)

4525(45.3)

668(21.4)

  ≥ 28.0

2082(13.7)

303(14.7)

1593(15.9)

186(6.0)

Regular exercise

    

<.001

 No

10,318(68.0)

1944(94.6)

7566(75.8)

808(25.9)

 Yes

4845(32.0)

112(5.4)

2422(24.2)

2311(74.1)

Hypertension

    

<.001

 No

11,372(75.0)

1655(80.5)

7530(75.4)

2187(70.1)

 Yes

3791(25.0)

401(19.5)

2458(24.6)

932(29.9)

Diabetes

    

<.001

 No

13,231(87.3)

1865(90.7)

8747(87.6)

2619(84.0)

 Yes

1932(12.7)

191(9.3)

1241(12.4)

500(16.0)

Heart disease

    

<.001

 No

12,459(82.2)

1788(87.0)

8269(82.8)

2402(77.0)

 Yes

2704(17.8)

268(13.0)

1719(17.2)

717(23.0)

Cerebrovascular disease

    

<.001

 No

13,077(86.2)

1821(88.6)

8653(86.6)

2603(83.5)

 Yes

2086(13.8)

235(11.4)

1335(13.4)

516(16.5)

Cancer

    

<.001

 No

13,843(91.3)

1926(93.7)

9149(91.6)

2768(88.7)

 Yes

1320(8.7)

130(6.3)

839(8.4)

351(11.3)

  1. Chi-squared test was used
  2. BMI body mass index