From: The older, the less potential benefit for type 2 diabetes from weight control
 | Overall | Young & middle-aged (<  60 years) | The elderly (≥ 60 years) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Women | Men | Total | Women | Men | Overall | Women | Men | |
Beijing Chinese | |||||||||
 n | 8149 | 3372 | 4777 | 6120 | 2667 | 3453 | 2029 | 705 | 1324 |
 Age (year) | 48.2 ± 15.4 | 41.1 ± 10.1 | 41.5 ± 9.8 | 41.1 ± 10.1 | 40.7 ± 10.6 | 41.5 ± 9.8 | 69.5 ± 5.8 | 69.7 ± 6.1 | 69.4 ± 5.7 |
 BMI (kg/m2) | 24.4 ± 3.6 | 22.9 ± 3.4 | 25.4 ± 3.2 | 24.3 ± 3.6 | 22.6 ± 3.3 | 25.6 ± 3.3 | 24.6 ± 3.3 | 24.1 ± 3.6 | 24.8 ± 3.1 |
 Waist circumference (cm) | 83.1 ± 10.5 | 76.7 ± 9.5 | 87.7 ± 8.6 | 82.2 ± 10.7 | 75.1 ± 8.6 | 87.7 ± 8.6 | 86 ± 9.5 | 82.8 ± 10.1 | 87.8 ± 8.7 |
 FPG (mmol/L) | 5.4 ± 1.2 | 5.2 ± 1.0 | 5.5 ± 1.3 | 5.3 ± 1.1 | 5.1 ± 0.8 | 5.4 ± 1.2 | 5.8 ± 1.4 | 5.7 ± 1.4 | 5.9 ± 1.4 |
 Underweight, n, (%) | 282 (3.5) | 218 (6.5) | 64 (1.3) | 227 (3.7) | 186 (7) | 41 (1.2) | 55 (2.7) | 32 (4.5) | 23 (1.7) |
 Overweight, n, (%) | 3224 (40.8) | 906 (26.9) | 2318 (48.5) | 2359 (38.5) | 655 (24.6) | 1704 (49.3) | 865 (42.6) | 251 (35.6) | 614 (46.4) |
 General obesity, n, (%) | 1181 (14.5) | 269 (8.0) | 912 (19.1) | 886 (14.4) | 168 (6.3) | 718 (20.8) | 295 (14.5) | 101 (14.3) | 194 (14.7) |
 Abdominal obesity, n, (%) | 2504 (30.8) | 648 (19.2) | 1956 (40.9) | 1779 (29.1) | 372 (13.9) | 1407 (40.7) | 825 (40.7) | 276 (39.1) | 549 (41.5) |
 T2DM, n, (%) | 451 (5.5) | 98 (2.9) | 353 (7.4) | 234 (3.8) | 45 (1.7) | 189 (5.5) | 217 (10.7) | 53 (7.5) | 164 (12.4) |
Guangdong Chinese | |||||||||
 n | 6914 | 3812 | 3102 | 4508 | 2595 | 1913 | 2406 | 1217 | 1189 |
 Age (year) | 52.7 ± 14.7 | 51.9 ± 14.5 | 53.7 ± 14.9 | 44.5 ± 10.5 | 44.4 ± 10.3 | 44.5 ± 10.7 | 68.3 ± 6.7 | 68.1 ± 6.8 | 68.5 ± 6.5 |
 BMI (kg/m2) | 23.4 ± 3.5 | 23.4 ± 3.6 | 23.3 ± 3.4 | 23.5 ± 3.5 | 23.4 ± 3.6 | 23.6 ± 3.5 | 23.1 ± 3.5 | 23.4 ± 3.6 | 22.8 ± 3.4 |
 Waist circumference (cm) | 80.3 ± 9.9 | 78.8 ± 9.7 | 82.2 ± 9.9 | 79.6 ± 9.9 | 77.7 ± 9.5 | 82.2 ± 9.8 | 81.6 ± 10 | 81.2 ± 9.9 | 82.0 ± 10.8 |
 FPG (mmol/L) | 5.6 ± 1.7 | 5.6 ± 1.7 | 5.7 ± 1.6 | 5.5 ± 1.6 | 5.5 ± 1.6 | 5.6 ± 1.5 | 5.9 ± 1.8 | 5.9 ± 2 | 5.8 ± 1.7 |
 Underweight, n, (%) | 468 (6.7) | 260 (6.8) | 208 (6.7) | 272 (6.0) | 172 (6.6) | 100 (5.2) | 196 (8.1) | 88 (7.2) | 108 (9.1) |
 Overweight, n, (%) | 2060 (29.8) | 1110 (29.1) | 950 (30.6) | 1367 (30.3) | 749 (28.9) | 618 (32.3) | 693 (28.8) | 361 (29.7) | 332 (27.9) |
 General obesity, n, (%) | 707 (10.2) | 417 (10.9) | 290 (9.3) | 489 (10.8) | 284 (10.9) | 205 (10.7) | 218 (9.1) | 133 (10.9) | 85 (7.1) |
 Abdominal obesity, n, (%) | 1647 (23.8) | 965 (25.3) | 682 (22.0) | 970 (21.5) | 555 (21.4) | 415 (21.7) | 677 (28.1) | 410 (33.7) | 267 (22.5) |
 T2DM, n, (%) | 553 (8.0) | 278 (7.3) | 255 (8.2) | 277 (6.1) | 144 (5.6) | 133 (7) | 256 (10.7) | 134 (11.0) | 122 (10.3) |
American | |||||||||
 n | 48,072 | 23,251 | 24,821 | 34,803 | 17,985 | 16,818 | 13,269 | 6836 | 6433 |
 Age (year) | 45.7 ± 19.2 | 45.7 ± 18.7 | 45.8 ± 18.5 | 36.5 ± 12.3 | 36.3 ± 12.2 | 36.7 ± 12.5 | 69.9 ± 7.3 | 70.2 ± 7.4 | 69.7 ± 7.1 |
 BMI (kg/m2) | 28.7 ± 6.8 | 29.2 ± 7.5 | 28.3 ± 6.1 | 28.7 ± 7.1 | 29.1 ± 7.8 | 28.2 ± 6.3 | 29.0 ± 6.1 | 29.5 ± 6.7 | 28.5 ± 5.4 |
 Waist circumference (cm) | 97.6 ± 16.3 | 96.0 ± 16.6 | 99.3 ± 16.0 | 96.1 ± 16.8 | 94.9 ± 17.2 | 97.5 ± 16.2 | 101.5 ± 14.414.4 | 99.0 ± 14.3 | 104.2 ± 13.9 |
 FPG (mmol/L) | 5.9 ± 2.0 | 5.8 ± 1.9 | 6.1 ± 2.1 | 5.7 ± 1.8 | 5.5 ± 1.7 | 5.9 ± 1.9 | 6.5 ± 2.3 | 6.4 ± 2.3 | 6.7 ± 2.3 |
 Underweight, n, (%) | 896 (1.9) | 550 (2.2) | 346 (1.5) | 744 (2.1) | 468 (2.6) | 276 (1.6) | 152 (1.1) | 82 (1.2) | 70 (1.1) |
 Overweight, n, (%) | 15,833 (32.9) | 7085 (28.5) | 8748 (37.6) | 10,905 (31.3) | 4837 (26.9) | 6068 (36.1) | 4928 (37.1) | 2248 (32.9) | 2680 (41.7) |
 General obesity, n, (%) | 17,015 (35.4) | 9655 (38.9) | 7360 (31.7) | 12,125 (34.8) | 6861 (38.1) | 5264 (31.3) | 4890 (36.9) | 2794 (40.9) | 2096 (32.6) |
 Abdominal obesity, n, (%) | 24,796 (53.2) | 15,711 (65.6) | 9805 (40.1) | 16,477 (48.5) | 10,704 (61.2) | 5773 (35.0) | 8319 (66.0) | 5007 (77.7) | 3312 (53.7) |
 T2DM, n, (%) | 6818 (14.2) | 3284 (13.2) | 3534 (15.2) | 2337 (6.7) | 1085 (6.0) | 1252 (7.4) | 3080 (23.2) | 1446 (21.2) | 1634 (25.4) |