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Table 2 Participant characteristics for younger and older older adults in this study (n = 100)

From: Impact of walking states, self-reported daily walking amount and age on the gait of older adults measured with a smart-phone app: a pilot study

Variables

All

(n = 100)

Younger

(n = 53)

Older

(n = 47)

P

Sex

 Male

56(56%)

33(62.3%)

23(48.9%)

0.23

 Female

44(44%)

20(37.7%)

24(51.1%)

 

Age (SD)

73.0 (7.7)

67.1 (3.9)

80.0 (5.1)

 < 0.001

Self-reported walking ability (SD)a

3.3 (1.2)

3.4 (1.2)

3.2 (1.2)

0.36

Fall history in the past year

 Yes

18(18%)

10(18.9%)

8(17.0%)

0.81

 No

82(82%)

43(81.1%)

39(83.0%)

 

Fear of falling

 Almost never

66(66%)

39(73.6%)

27(57.4%)

0.16

 Always

14(14%)

7(13.2%)

7(14.9%)

 

 Occasionally

20(20%)

7(13.2%)

13(27.6%)

 

Medical conditions

 Chronic diseases (hypertension, hyperglycaemia, hyperlipemia)

51(51%)

22(41.5%)

29(61.7%)

0.064

 Bone and nerve diseases

28(28%)

19(35.8%)

9(19.1%)

 

 Cardiopulmonary disease

23(23%)

10(18.9%)

13(27.6%)

 

 Eye diseases

11(11%)

3(5.7%)

8(17.0%)

 

 Lower extremity muscle diseases

8(8%)

5(9.4%)

3(6.4%)

 

 None

22(22%)

15(28.3%)

7(14.9%)

 

Self-reported daily walking amount

 1 km and below

29(29%)

13(24.5%)

16(34.0%)

0.58

 1–3 km

26(26%)

13(24.5%)

13(27.7%)

 

 3–5 km

23(23%)

13(24.5%)

10(21.3%)

 

 5 km and above

22(22%)

14(26.4%)

8(17.0%)

 
  1. The categorical variables sex, self-reported walking ability, fall history, and fear of falling were analysed using the chi-squared test, and continuous variables such as age and self-reported walking ability were analysed using one-way analysis of variance
  2. a5-point Likert scale, where 1 = not flexible at all and 5 = very flexible