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Table 2 Hazard ratio of all-cause mortality by the LACE index in older adults

From: Prediction value of the LACE index to identify older adults at high risk for all-cause mortality in South Korea: a nationwide population-based study

LACE score

Person-years

No. of events

Incidence

HR (95% CI)

Overall

 < 10

16,198,373

3155

54.9

Reference

 ≥10

4,072,806

1180

67.6

1.44 (1.35–1.54)

Pneumonia

 < 10

1,626,983

294

53.7

Reference

 ≥10

317,455

96

68.6

1.63 (1.29–2.05)

Fracture

 < 10

2,471,173

307

41.9

Reference

 ≥10

551,046

107

56.6

1.56 (1.25–1.95)

Cancer

 < 10

3,303,944

1194

70.9

Reference

 ≥10

1,422,545

602

75.8

1.14 (1.04–1.26)

MACE

 < 10

7,030,831

1124

49.5

Reference

 ≥10

1,465,509

385

66.4

1.61 (1.43–1.81)

CRF

 < 10

143,196

56

75.7

Reference

 ≥10

108,331

51

83.6

1.18 (0.80–1.72)

Diabetes

 < 10

1,348,802

225

52.4

Reference

 ≥10

447,469

112

65.5

1.51 (1.20–1.89)

DM and complications of DM

 < 10

1,489,295

243

51.7

Reference

 ≥10

467,580

114

64.8

1.50 (1.20–1.88)

Mental illnesses

 < 10

625,174

114

54.8

Reference

 ≥10

106,034

12

40.0

0.61 (0.34–1.11)