Table 3 Adjusted Odds Ratios (AOR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) from Binary Logistic Regression Analyses Predicting ADL, IADL, Mobility, and Frailty in Men and Women

Sociodemographic

 Age group (years, ref = 65–69)

  70–74

0.94

0.53–1.69

1.29

0.88–1.89

1.46

1.12–1.92

1.34

0.92–1.93

0.94

0.61–1.47

1.61

1.20–2.15

1.42

1.13–1.78

1.40

1.06–1.86

  75–79

1.58

0.92–2.72

1.98

1.36–2.87

2.31

1.75–3.05

1.94

1.34–2.81

2.20

1.45–3.34

2.71

1.98–3.71

2.72

2.07–3.57

2.08

1.53–2.81

  80–84

1.97

1.10–3.54

2.62

1.71–4.00

3.40

2.44–4.76

2.14

1.40–3.26

3.37

2.07–5.47

3.75

2.51–5.60

4.21

2.84–6.23

2.69

1.84–3.95

  85 + 

2.47

1.19–5.10

5.08

2.89–8.90

6.51

3.95–10.72

2.63

1.51–4.60

4.58

2.51–8.35

7.80

4.48–13.56

5.31

2.96–9.53

3.76

2.22–6.38

  Living alone

0.69

0.36–1.31

0.47

0.29–0.77

1.02

0.71–1.47

1.14

0.72–1.79

0.74

0.46–1.19

0.51

0.35–0.75

1.07

0.79–1.47

0.92

0.65–1.28

  Married/Partnered

0.63

0.40–0.98

0.75

0.54–1.04

0.85

0.65–1.12

0.85

0.60–1.19

0.92

0.67–1.28

0.79

0.62–1.01

0.91

0.74–1.12

0.89

0.70–1.13

 Level of education (ref = High)

  Low

0.91

0.50–1.67

1.98

1.25–3.14

1.31

0.94–1.82

1.24

0.80–1.92

1.66

0.47–5.90

2.86

1.19–6.90

1.28

0.72–2.29

1.89

0.82–4.37

  Medium

0.68

0.30–1.55

1.24

0.68–2.25

0.77

0.50–1.21

0.85

0.47–1.53

0.91

0.20–4.22

1.33

0.46–3.82

0.92

0.45–1.91

1.52

0.57–4.07

 Health condition

  Metabolic disease

1.62

1.08–2.43

1.79

1.35–2.37

1.52

1.23–1.88

1.62

1.23–2.14

1.47

1.05–2.05

1.33

1.04–1.69

1.45

1.19–1.78

1.55

1.22–1.97

  Heart disease

1.18

0.74–1.89

1.29

0.92–1.80

1.38

1.05–1.80

1.57

1.13–2.18

0.83

0.58–1.20

1.19

0.90–1.58

1.74

1.33–2.27

1.92

1.47–2.51

  Lung disease

1.82

1.11–2.98

1.96

1.34–2.85

1.96

1.41–2.74

1.50

1.01–2.22

2.13

1.31–3.45

1.53

0.99–2.34

1.64

1.07–2.50

1.55

1.01–2.39

  Cataracts

0.94

0.62–1.41

0.94

0.71–1.26

1.21

0.97–1.50

1.00

0.75–1.34

1.33

0.99–1.79

1.18

0.94–1.49

1.40

1.15–1.70

1.27

1.02–1.59

  Hearing impairment

0.91

0.32–2.60

2.40

1.19–4.82

1.23

0.65–2.34

1.31

0.62–2.75

2.49

0.96–6.46

2.49

0.97–6.41

1.16

0.44–3.06

1.15

0.43–3.07

  Cognitive impairment

3.64

2.38–5.57

3.12

2.21–4.38

1.95

1.45–2.63

1.96

1.38–2.78

1.29

0.94–1.78

1.93

1.49–2.49

1.08

0.84–1.37

1.19

0.92–1.53

Behavioral factors

 BMI (ref = Normal)

  Underweight

1.24

0.62–2.51

1.22

0.71–2.10

1.04

0.65–1.67

1.65

0.96–2.81

1.57

0.87–2.81

1.26

0.75–2.11

0.82

0.52–1.31

0.85

0.51–1.41

  Overweight

0.98

0.62–1.55

0.96

0.70–1.32

1.27

1.00–1.62

0.77

0.56–1.06

0.99

0.68–1.44

1.21

0.92–1.59

1.32

1.05–1.66

1.00

0.77–1.31

  Obese

1.08

0.63–1.86

1.01

0.70–1.47

1.92

1.45–2.54

1.13

0.79–1.62

1.58

1.09–2.28

1.63

1.22–2.17

2.00

1.55–2.58

1.20

0.91–1.59

  Exercise

0.34

0.23–0.51

0.70

0.53–0.91

0.70

0.57–0.86

0.39

0.30–0.50

0.51

0.37–0.70

0.8

0.63–1.01

0.77

0.63–0.94

0.42

0.33–0.52

  Falls

2.84

1.88–4.29

2.68

1.96–3.68

2.12

1.61–2.80

2.15

1.56–2.96

2.10

1.55–2.85

1.46

1.13–1.88

1.77

1.40–2.25

1.68

1.31–2.15

  Social engagement

0.42

0.26–0.66

0.47

0.35–0.63

0.82

0.66–1.01

0.28

0.21–0.38

0.39

0.27–0.55

0.49

0.39–0.62

0.64

0.53–0.78

0.32

0.26–0.41

  Depressive symptoms

2.21

1.36–3.60

2.43

1.68–3.50

2.82

1.99–4.00

8.50

5.82–12.42

2.72

1.89–3.92

3.61

2.67–4.90

3.37

2.37–4.78

10.89

7.65–15.50

 Diet

  Tea or coffee

0.58

0.40–0.86

0.72

0.55–0.95

0.73

0.59–0.91

0.57

0.43–0.74

0.70

0.51–0.96

0.89

0.70–1.12

0.68

0.56–0.83

0.66

0.53–0.83

  Protein

0.35

0.16–0.80

0.87

0.40–1.90

1.31

0.71–2.41

1.02

0.49–2.15

0.68

0.41–1.13

1.12

0.70–1.81

0.88

0.61–1.28

0.73

0.49–1.09

  Veggies

0.99

0.51–1.95

1.19

0.65–2.17

0.96

0.63–1.46

0.86

0.52–1.42

0.83

0.43–1.60

0.89

0.48–1.64

0.96

0.59–1.58

0.72

0.43–1.21

  Carbs

1.17

0.75–1.82

3.72

2.63–5.26

1.42

1.12–1.78

1.47

1.08–1.99

1.12

0.80–1.58

6.11

4.60–8.12

1.42

1.15–1.75

1.41

1.11–1.80

  Dairy

1.36

0.92–2.00

1.36

1.03–1.78

1.02

0.83–1.26

1.01

0.77–1.33

1.49

1.09–2.04

1.12

0.89–1.43

1.16

0.95–1.41

1.34

1.06–1.68