Table 2 Characteristics and the diagnosis of sarcopenia, frailty and depression in the control and T2DM groups
Control (N = 48) | T2DM (N = 78) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Descriptive Data | |||
Age (y/o) | 65.8 ± 5.3 | 66.5 ± 9.0 | 0.558 |
Gender | 0.862 | ||
Male (n (%)) | 22 (45.8) | 37 (47.4) | |
Female (n (%)) | 26 (54.2) | 41 (52.6) | |
Height (cm) | 160.4 ± 8.2 | 159.7 ± 7.7 | 0.622 |
Weight (kg) | 62.3 ± 10.9 | 65.7 ± 10.9 | 0.092 |
Hypertension | 16 (33.3) | 39 (50.0) | 0.068 |
Alcoholism | 2 (4.2) | 5 (6.4) | 0.597 |
Smoking | 0 (0) | 1 (1.3) | 0.435 |
Oral antidiabetic agents | - | 66 (84.6) | |
Insulin injection | - | 20 (25.6) | |
Evaluation of Sarcopenia | |||
SMI (kg/m2) | 6.98 ± 1.10 | 7.28 ± 1.21 | 0.160 |
ASM (kg) | |||
LA | 2.06 ± 0.53 | 2.21 ± 0.58 | 0.131 |
RA | 2.13 ± 0.54 | 2.27 ± 0.61 | 0.195 |
LL | 6.98 ± 1.57 | 7.06 ± 1.70 | 0.794 |
RL | 7.01 ± 1.62 | 7.11 ± 1.72 | 0.721 |
Grip (non-dominant) (kg) | 24.20 ± 8.14 | 22.25 ± 7.99 | 0.188 |
Grip (dominant) (kg) | 25.19 ± 8.57 | 22.59 ± 8.55 | 0.102 |
4-m walk (m/s) | 1.59 ± 0.32 | 1.40 ± 0.38 | 0.004* |
Sarcopenia Risk Level 2014 | 0.42 ± 0.61 | 0.68 ± 0.77 | 0.029* |
Sarcopenia Risk Level 2019 | 0.44 ± 0.62 | 0.81 ± 0.86 | 0.004* |
AWGS 2014 Sarcopenia (n (%)) | 3 (6.3) | 11 (14.1) | 0.208 |
AWGS 2019 Sarcopenia (n (%)) | 3 (6.3) | 12 (15.4) | 0.208 |
AWGS 2019 possible sarcopenia (n (%)) | 16 (32) | 41 (52.6) | 0.047* |
SARCF | 0.42 ± 0.82 | 0.60 ± 0.92 | 0.269 |
Frailty and Depression | |||
SOF | 0.21 ± 0.82 | 0.60 ± 0.92 | 0.004* |
PHQ-2 | 0.06 ± 0.32 | 0.28 ± 0.64 | 0.012* |