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Table 1 Descriptive statistics among older adults in Shandong, China, 2018 (N = 8583)

From: Do older adults with multimorbidity prefer institutional care than those without multimorbidity? The role of functional limitation

Variables

Institutional care willingness

Yes

No

n (%)

666 (7.8)

7917 (92.2)

Gender

 Male

350 (52.6)

3792 (47.9) *

 Female

316 (47.4)

4125 (52.1)

Age (Mean ± SD)

66.5 ± 5.6

68.8 ± 6.8 ***

Education

 Illiteracy

106 (15.9)

2539 (32.1) ***

 Primary school

211 (31.7)

2580 (32.6)

 Junior school

217 (32.6)

1799 (22.7)

 Middle school or above

132 (19.8)

999 (12.6)

Marital status

 Singlea

93 (14.0)

1287 (16.3)

 Married

573 (86.0)

6630 (83.7)

Employment status

 Employed

207 (31.1)

2304 (29.1) ***

 Retired

214 (32.1)

1819 (23.0)

 Unemployed

245 (36.8)

3794 (47.9)

Region

 Urban

283 (42.5)

3901 (49.3) ***

 Rural

383 (57.5)

4016 (50.7)

Living arrangements

 Alone

74 (11.1)

881 (11.1)

 With others

592 (88.9)

7036 (88.9)

Household incomeb

 Q1

163 (24.5)

2030 (25.6)**

 Q2

176 (26.4)

2340 (29.6)

 Q3

154 (23.1)

1956 (24.7)

 Q4

173 (26.0)

1591 (20.1)

Health records

 Yes

517 (77.6)

6458 (81.6) **

 No

149 (22.4)

1459 (18.4)

Family doctor

 Yes

344 (51.7)

5394 (68.1) ***

 No

322 (48.3)

2523 (31.9)

Social activity

 Yes

137 (20.6)

1658 (20.9)

 No

529 (79.4)

6259 (79.1)

Need caregiving

 Yes

56 (8.4)

805 (10.2)

 No

610 (91.6)

7112 (89.8)

BMI

 Underweight

27 (4.1)

466 (5.9) *

 Normal

277 (41.6)

3559 (45.0)

 Overweight

258 (38.7)

2852 (36.0)

 Obesity

104 (15.6)

1040 (13.1)

Chronic health conditions

 No chronic condition

287 (43.1)

3555 (44.9)

 One chronic condition

228 (34.2)

2760 (34.9)

 Multimorbidity

151 (22.7)

1602 (20.2)

Functional limitations

 Yes

60 (9.0)

849 (10.7)

 No

606 (91.0)

7068 (89.3)

  1. *** P < 0.001; ** P < 0.01; * P < 0.05
  2. a Singles include those who are unmarried (81, 0.94%), divorced (51, 6.0%) and widowed (1248, 14.54%)
  3. b Quartile 1 (Q1) was the poorest and Quartile 4 (Q4) was the richest