Longitudinal association between personality traits and homebound status in older adults: results from the National Health and Aging Trends Study

Table 6 Summary of multinominal logistic regression of personality traits predicting homebound status

Variables^a	Model 1 RRR (95% CI)†	Effect size (f²)	Model 2 RRR (95% CI)†	Effect size (f²)	Model 3 RRR (95% CI)†	Effect size (f²)
Conscientiousness		0.01		0.09		0.13
Non-homebound (reference)	1.00		1.00		1.00
Semi-homebound	0.64 (0.51, 0.79) ***		0.68 (0.54, 0.85) **		0.70 (0.56, 0.89) **
Homebound	0.74 (0.47, 1.15)		0.82 (0.51, 1.30)		0.80 (0.50, 1.30)
Extraversion		0.01		0.08		0.12
Non-homebound (reference)	1.00		1.00		1.00
Semi-homebound	0.80 (0.65, 0.98) *		0.83 (0.67, 1.02)		0.84 (0.68, 1.05)
Homebound	0.84 (0.56, 1.27)		0.88 (0.57, 1,34)		0.89 (0.57, 1.40)
Neuroticism		0.01		0.08		0.13
Non-homebound (reference)	1.00		1.00		1.00
Semi-homebound	0.97 (0.81, 1.17)		0.97 (0.80, 1.18)		0.82 (0.66, 1.01)
Homebound	0.92 (0.63, 1.34)		0.88 (0.60, 1.29)		0.80 (0.52, 1.23)
Openness		0.01		0.08		0.12
Non-homebound (reference)	1.00		1.00		1.00
Semi-homebound	0.86 (0.72, 1.04)		0.96 (0.79, 1.16)		0.92 (0.76, 1.12)
Homebound	0.67 (0.47, 0.97) *		0.80 (0.54, 1.18)		0.72 (0.49, 1.08)
Agreeableness		0.01		0.08		0.12
Non-homebound (reference)	1.00		1.00		1.00
Semi-homebound	0.97 (0.72, 1.31)		0.92 (0.68, 1.25)		0.93 (0.68, 1.27)
Homebound	0.68 (0.40, 1.17)		0.60 (0.34, 1.04)		0.62 (0.35, 1.10)

^aNon-homebound was treated as the base outcome
Model 1: crude association
Model 2: Model 1 + demographic covariates (age, gender, race, education, living arrangement)
Model 3: Model 1 + demographic and health-related covariates (ADL difficulties, number of chronic illnesses, dementia, depression, anxiety, pain, and hospitalization)
†RRR Relative Risk Ratio, CI confidence interval; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001

ISSN: 1471-2318