Table 1 Population characteristics
BZRA users N=561 | BZRA deprescribing N= 240 | BZRA continuation N= 321 | p valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic data | ||||
Age (years), mean, SD | 85.3; 5.9 | 84.8; 5.9 | 85.7; 5.8 | .066 |
Female, n (%) | 392 (69.9) | 168 (70.0) | 224 (69.8) | .999 |
Place of residence, n (%) | ||||
Home | 412 (73.4) | 165 (68.7) | 247 (76.9) | |
Nursing home | 149 (26.6) | 75 (31.3) | 74 (23.1) | .015 |
Comorbidities | ||||
CIRS-G, median; Q1-Q3 | 22; 18-25 | 22; 19-26 | 21; 17-25 | <.001 |
Anxiety, n (%) | 92 (16.4) | 44 (18.3) | 48 (15.0) | .340 |
Sleep disorder, n (%) | 49 (8.7) | 22 (9.2) | 27 (8.4) | .871 |
Restless leg, n (%) | 16 (2.9) | 7 (2.9) | 9 (2.8) | .999 |
Depression, n (%) | 149 (26.6) | 71 (29.6) | 78 (24.3) | .192 |
Bipolar or psychotic disorder, n (%) | 16 (2.9) | 7 (2.9) | 9 (2.8) | .999 |
Extrapyramidal syndrome, n (%) | 58 (10.3) | 21 (8.8) | 37 (11.5) | .353 |
Previous fracture, n (%) | 201 (35.8) | 93 (38.8) | 108 (33.6) | .247 |
Fall at admission, n (%) | 274 (48.8) | 115 (47.9) | 159 (49.5) | .769 |
Current fracture, n (%) | 85 (15.2) | 31 (12.9) | 54 (16.8) | .247 |
COPD, n (%) | 82 (14.6) | 36 (15.0) | 46 (14.3) | .919 |
Delirium, n (%) | 188 (33.5) | 95 (39.6) | 93 (29.0) | .017 |
Cognitive decline, n (%) | 316 (56.3) | 148 (61.7) | 168 (52.3) | .034 |
Administrative data | ||||
Admission, n (%) | ||||
Emergency | 110 (19.6) | 52 (21.7) | 58 (18.1) | |
Transfer | 65 (11.6) | 34 (14.2) | 31 (9.7) | .099 |
Direct to AGU | 386 (68.8) | 154 (64.2) | 232 (72.3) | |
Length of stay (days), median; Q1-Q3 | 15; 11-22 | 16; 12-23 | 15; 11-22 | .181 |
Discharge destination, n (%) | ||||
Home | 277 (49.4) | 107 (44.6) | 170 (53.0) | |
Nursing home | 200 (35.7) | 102 (42.5) | 98 (30.5) | .040 |
Another ward | 84 (14.9) | 31 (12.9) | 53 (16.5) | |
Medication at admission | ||||
Total medications, median; Q1-Q3 | 9; 7-12 | 9; 7-12 | 9; 7-11 | .174 |
Polypharmacy, n (%) | 514 (91.6) | 218 (90.8) | 296 (92.2) | .668 |
Excessive polypharmacy, n (%) | 250 (44.6) | 116 (48.3) | 134 (41.7) | .142 |
BZRA dose, median; Q1-Q3 | 1.0; 1.0- 2.0 | 1.33; 0.9-2.5 | 1.0; 1.0-2.0 | .023 |
Multi-BZRA users, n (%) | 112 (20.0) | 73 (30.4) | 39 (12.1) | <.001 |
Psychotropic polpharmacy, n (%) | 231 (41.2) | 119 (49.6) | 112 (34.9) | <.001 |
Antipsychotic users, n (%) | 116 (20.7) | 43 (17.9) | 73 (22.7) | .270 |
Antidepressant users, n (%) | 273 (48.7) | 135 (56.3) | 138 (43.0) | .002 |
Trazodone | 59 (10.5) | 32 (13.3) | 27 (8.4) | .054 |
Mirtazapine | 45 (8.0) | 21 (8.8) | 24 (7.5) | .586 |
Miscellaneous | ||||
Palliative status, n (%) | 42 (7.5) | 20 (8.3) | 22 (6.9) | .619 |
Intervention of a clinical pharmacist, n (%) | 202 (36.0) | 103 (42.9) | 99 (30.8) | .002 |
Identification of a BZRA-related adverse event by the treating physician, n (%) | 88 (15.7) | 65 (27.1) | 23 (7.2) | <.001 |
BZRA switch between admission and discharge, n (%) | 65 (11.6) | 26 (10.8) | 39 (12.1) | .870 |