Table 1 Descriptive and bivariate (chi-square test) statistics of sociodemographic and clinical data related to the presence of any PIP, PIM, PPO and most frequent active principles as PIMs (proton pump inhibitors or benzodiazepines), according to STOPP/START criteria. N, % and 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI) are shown, as well as chi-square p-value

Total

740 (100)

542 (73.2)

69.9-76.3

-

263 (35.5)

32.2-39.1

-

345 (46.6)

43.1-50.2

-

Age

65-74

81 (10.9)

52 (64.2)

53.3-73.8

0.072

13 (16.1)

9.6-25.5

0.001

26 (32.1)

22.9-42.9

0.018

75-89

495 (66.9)

374 (75.6)

71.6-79.1

186 (37.6)

33.4-41.9

243 (49.1)

44.7-53.5

>89

164 (22.2)

116 (70.7)

63.4-77.2

64 (39.0)

31.9-46.7

76 (46.3)

38.9-54

Sex

Female

394 (53.2)

303 (77.0)

72.5-80.8

0.016

142 (36)

31.5-40.9

0.762

194 (49.2)

44.3-54.2

0.128

Male

346 (46.8)

239 (69.1)

64-73.7

121 (35)

30.1-40.1

151 (43.6)

38.5-48.9

Barthel Index

< 20

90 (12.2)

64 (71.1)

61-79.5

0.001

24 (26.7)

18.6-36.6

0.007

39 (43.3)

33.6-53.6

< 0.001

20-35

76 (10.3)

64 (84.2)

74.4-90.7

31 (40.8)

30.4-52

42 (55.3)

44.1-65.9

40-55

124 (16.8)

93 (75.0)

66.7-81.8

43 (34.7)

26.9-43.4

63 (50.8)

42.1-59.4

60-95

294 (39.7)

225 (76.5)

71.4-81

123 (41.8)

36.3-47.5

152 (51.7)

46-57.4

100

156 (21.1)

96 (61.5)

53.7-68.8

42 (26.9)

20.6-34.4

49 (31.4)

24.6-39.1

uCCI

2-6

280 (37.8)

202 (72.1)

66.6-77.1

0.511

86 (30.7)

25.6-36.3

0.007

128 (45.7)

40-51.6

0.546

7-8

279 (37.7)

211 (75.6)

70.3-80.3

119 (42.6)

37-48.5

80 (44.2)

37.2-51.5

9-14

181 (24.5)

129 (71.3)

64.3-77.4

58 (32)

25.7-39.2

137 (49.1)

43.3-54.9

Household

With relatives / other people

523 (70.7)

381 (72.9)

68.9-76.5

0.689

183 (35)

31-39.2

0.459

60 (49.2)

40.5-57.9

0.532

Nursing home

95 (12.8)

73 (76.8)

67.4-84.2

31 (32.6)

24-42.6

48 (50.5)

40.6-60.4

Alone

122 (16.5)

88 (72.1)

63.6-79.3

49 (40.2)

31.9-49

237 (45.3)

41.1-49.6

Prior exacerbation

No

225 (30.4)

163 (72.4)

66.3-77.9

0.746

80 (35.6)

29.6-42

0.995

99 (44)

37.7-50.5

0.345

Yes (total)

515 (69.6)

379 (73.6)

69.6-77.2

183 (35.5)

31.5-39.8

246 (47.8)

43.5-52.1

 Primary care

342 (46.2)

251 (73.4)

68.5-77.8

0.933

128 (37.4)

32.5-42.7

0.32

170 (49.7)

44.4-55

0.119

 Emergencies

263 (35.5)

199 (75.7)

70.1-80.5

0.269

95 (36.1)

30.6-42.1

0.806

136 (51.7)

45.7-57.7

0.039

 Hospital admission

193 (26.1)

144 (74.6)

68-80.2

0.618

68 (35.2)

28.8-42.2

0.917

93 (48.2)

41.2-55.2

0.612

 Outpatient care

8 (1.1)

5 (62.5)

30.6-86.3

0.49

0 (0)

0-32.4

0.035

2 (25)

7.1-59.1

0.218

 Home hospitalization

14 (1.9)

12 (85.7)

60.1-96

0.287

4 (28.6)

11.7-54.6

0.582

9 (64.3)

38.8-83.7

0.181

Polymedication

Oligopharmacy (0-4)

46 (6.2)

16 (34.8)

22.7-49.2

< 0.001

19 (41.3)

28.3-55.7

0.367

10 (21.7)

12.3-35.6

< 0.001

Moderate polypharmacy (5-9)

259 (35.0)

177 (68.3)

62.4-73.7

98 (37.8)

32.1-43.9

106 (40.9)

35.1-47

Excessive polypharmacy (10+)

435 (58.8)

349 (80.2)

76.2-83.7

146 (33.6)

29.3-38.1

229 (52.6)

47.9-57.3

N° chronic conditions

1-7

303 (41.0)

200 (66.0)

60.5-71.1

< 0.001

102 (33.7)

28.6-39.2

0.657

124 (40.9)

35.5-46.5

< 0.001

8-13

374 (50.5)

288 (77.0)

72.5-81

137 (36.6)

31.9-41.6

45 (71.4)

59.3-81.1

14-22

63 (8.5)

54 (85.7)

75-92.3

24 (38.1)

27.1-50.4

176 (47.1)

42.1-52.1