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Table 3 Regression estimates (odds ratio’s and 95% confidence intervals) of the associations between the dual fatigability and mobility trajectories* and demographic and clinical characteristics

From: Determinants of trajectories of fatigability and mobility among older medical patients during and after hospitalization; an explorative study

Characteristic

Low fatigability high mobility

Improving fatigability high mobility

High fatigability low mobility

Univariable analysis

   

Demographic characteristics

   

Age, per year

Ref.

0.94 (0.79; 1.13)

1.03 (0.86; 1.23)

Female sex

Ref.

0.87 (0.12; 6.21)

0.00 (0.05; 3.12)

Male sex

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

<12 years of education

Ref.

0.57 (0.05; 6.08)

0.12 (0.01; 1.43)

≥12 years of education

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Living alone

Ref.

0.42 (0.05; 3.22)

0.90 (0.12; 7.03)

Living together

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Clinical characteristics

   

Frailty†, per 0.01 point

Ref.

1.08 (0.96; 1.21)

1.26 (1.08; 1.46)

No baseline disabilities

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

≥1 baseline disabilities

Ref.

5.78 (0.55; 60.60)

60.00 (3.04; 1185)

No depressive symptoms

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Depressive symptoms‡

Ref.

0.38 (0.03; 5.27)

1.82 (0.16; 20.71)

Comorbidity§, per point

Ref.

0.74 (0.47; 1.19)

0.77 (0.48; 1.26)

Length of stay, per day

Ref.

1.11 (0.78; 1.59)

1.25 (0.87; 1.79)

Multivariable analysis

   

Frailty†, per 0.01 point

Ref.

1.09 (0.91; 1.30)

1.36 (1.07; 1.74)

No baseline disabilities

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

≥1 baseline disabilities

Ref.

5.04 (0.23; 109.14)

9.89 (0.14; 686.83)

Comorbidity§, per point

Ref.

0.56 (0.41; 1.12)

0.27 (0.10; 0.74)

  1. *Trajectory groups were estimated by jointly modeling fatigability and mobility over four waves from hospital admission up to six months after discharge. The low fatigability high mobility trajectory was used as the reference category (Ref.)
  2. †.Frailty was assessed using the Frailty Index
  3. ‡.Depressive symptoms were positive when the Geriatric Depression Score was ≥5
  4. §Comorbidity was assessed using the Charlson Comorbidity Index