From: Factors affecting the evolution of Chinese elderly depression: a cross-sectional study
Variable | Model 1a (N = 5081) | Model 2b (N = 4853) | Model 3c (N = 5207) | Model 4d (N = 6343) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Area (East) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
 Middle | 1.391***(1.190–1.626) | 1.279**(1.095–1.494) | 1.554***(1.341–1.802) | 1.414***(1.235–1.618) |
 Western | 1.791***(1.535–2.089) | 1.758***(1.507–2.050) | 1.779***(1.534–2.064) | 1.740***(1.521–1.990) |
Gender (male) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
 Female | 1.569***(1.380–1.783) | 1.502***(1.320–1.709) | 1.512***(1.336–1.712) | 1.514***(1.351–1.696) |
Age (60Â ~Â 69) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Â |
 70 ~ 79 | 0.847*(0.737–0.973) | 0.801**(0.695–0.924) | 0.771***(0.674–0.881) | – |
 ≥80 | 0.933(0.737–1.181) | 0.965(0.743–1.254) | 0.547***(0.421–0.711) | – |
Marriage (married) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
 Unmarried | 1.233**(1.058–1.439) | 1.208*(1.027–1.421) | 1.440***(1.235–1.678) | 1.224**(1.068–1.403) |
Education (Illiterate or Primary school) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
 Middle school | 0.746**(0.605–0.920) | 0.846(0.693–1.033) | 0.744**(0.621–0.891) | 0.808**(0.691–0.944) |
 High school or above | 0.645*(0.422–0.986) | 1.190(0.830–1.706) | 0.799(0.566–1.128) | 0.687**(0.536–0.880) |
Residence (rural) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
 City/town | 0.600***(0.506–0.712) | 0.552***(0.445–0.684) | 0.646***(0.550–0.760) | 0.703***(0.606–0.816) |
Individual income (< 10,000) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
 10,000 ~ 20,000 | 0.856(0.649–1.128) | 1.014(0.884–1.164) | 0.640**(0.462–0.887) | 0.965(0.838–1.111) |
 ≥20,000 | 0.630*(0.399–0.994) | 0.889(0.693–1.138) | 0.625***(0.494–0.792) | 0.711***(0.595–0.851) |
Social activity (no) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
 Yes | 0.796***(0.703–0.901) | 0.803**(0.708–0.911) | 0.795***(0.705–0.897) | 0.897(0.804–1.002) |
Nighttime sleep (< 7 h) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
 ≥7 h | 0.552***(0.486–0.626) | 0.480***(0.421–0.548) | 0.581***(0.515–0.656) | 0.567***(0.507–0.635) |
ADL disability (no) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
 Yes | 1.931***(1.589–2.345) | 2.0149***(1.621–2.503) | 2.129***(1.744–2.601) | 1.900***(1.561–2.313) |
Self-reported heath (good) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
 General | 1.758***(1.314–2.351) | 1.660***(1.311–2.102) | 1.620***(1.300–2.018) | 1.799***(1.521–2.127) |
 Poor | 3.477***(2.643–4.574) | 2.981***(2.382–3.732) | 3.338***(2.707–4.117) | 4.392***(3.679–5.243) |
Chronic disease (0) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
 ≥1 | 1.323**(1.123–1.559) | 1.374***(1.180–1.600) | 1.379***(1.175–1.618) | 1.180**(1.056–1.317) |