Table 1 List of inclusion and exclusion criteria

• Males or females ≥50 years of age (on day of randomization)

• Clinical diagnosis of major or mild neurocognitive disorder due to AD or mixed AD/vascular disease following the DSM-5 [78] criteria by a psychiatrist

• Mild severity of impairment (sMMSE score ≥ 19) [79]

• Read and communicate in English

• Change in cognitive-enhancing medications (ChEIs and/or memantine) less than 3 months prior to study screen

• Change in anticonvulsants or psychotropic medications less than 1 month prior to study screen

• Currently taking benzodiazepines

• Presence of metal implants that would preclude safe use of tDCS (e.g. pace-maker)

• Significant neurological condition (e.g., epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis)

• Current psychiatric disorders (e.g. schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression, psychosis) or current substance abuse disorder

• Medical contraindication to increasing physical activity level according to the Canadian Society of Exercise Physiology Questionnaire [80]