| Normoglycemia Group A (n = 1193) | Prediabetes Group B (n = 1696) | T2DM Group C (n = 2603) | p value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Group A vs. B | Group A vs. C | Group B vs. C | Group A vs. B vs.C | ||||
Age (years) | 74.7 ± 6.1 | 74.5 ± 6.2 | 73.8 ± 5.6 | 0.488 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Male, n (%) | 764 (64.0) | 987 (58.2) | 1428 (54.9) | 0.002 | < 0.001 | 0.032 | < 0.001 |
LVEF (%) | 51.3 ± 11.0 | 51.9 ± 11.5 | 50.3 ± 12.2 | 0.139 | 0.015 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 22.9 ± 2.9 | 23.3 ± 3.0 | 23.7 ± 3.0 | 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
SBP (mmHg) | 127.6 ± 28.4 | 129.1 ± 27.0 | 130.2 ± 28.1 | 0.165 | 0.011 | 0.211 | 0.032 |
DBP (mmHg) | 76.7 ± 16.0 | 77.6 ± 15.4 | 76.7 ± 15.4 | 0.100 | 0.880 | 0.062 | 0.126 |
STEMI, n (%) | 652 (54.7) | 958 (56.5) | 1272 (48.9) | 0.329 | 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Primary PCI, n (%) | 622 (95.4) | 915 (95.5) | 1225 (96.3) | 0.915 | 0.295 | 0.299 | 0.469 |
NSTEMI, n (%) | 541 (45.3) | 738 (43.5) | 1331 (51.1) | 0.329 | 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
PCI within 24 h | 479 (88.5) | 625 (84.7) | 1107 (83.2) | 0.048 | 0.003 | 0.370 | 0.014 |
Cardiogenic shock, n (%) | 68 (5.7) | 76 (4.5) | 141 (5.4) | 0.141 | 0.759 | 0.176 | 0.268 |
CPR on admission, n (%) | 69 (5.8) | 82 (4.8) | 118 (4.5) | 0.270 | 0.106 | 0.657 | 0.251 |
Killip classification, n (%) | |||||||
 I | 909 (76.2) | 1269 (74.8) | 1828 (70.2) | 0.399 | < 0.001 | 0.001 | < 0.001 |
 II | 134 (11.2) | 216 (12.7) | 336 (12.9) | 0.247 | 0.159 | 0.889 | 0.327 |
 III | 82 (6.9) | 135 (8.0) | 298 (11.4) | 0.275 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
 IV | 68 (5.7) | 76 (4.5) | 141 (5.4) | 0.138 | 0.723 | 0.176 | 0.268 |
Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 87 (7.3) | 166 (9.8) | 337 (12.9) | 0.019 | < 0.001 | 0.002 | < 0.001 |
Previous MI, n (%) | 30 (2.5) | 46 (2.7) | 152 (5.8) | 0.814 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Previous PCI, n (%) | 57 (4.8) | 103 (6.1) | 238 (9.1) | 0.138 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Previous CABG, n (%) | 2 (0.2) | 2 (0.1) | 27 (1.0) | 0.723 | 0.002 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Previous HF, n (%) | 11 (0.9) | 29 (1.7) | 66 (2.5) | 0.077 | 0.001 | 0.089 | 0.003 |
Previous CVA, n (%) | 95 (8.0) | 133 (7.8) | 277 (10.6) | 0.944 | 0.010 | 0.002 | 0.002 |
Current smokers, n (%) | 280 (23.5) | 455 (26.8) | 549 (21.1) | 0.041 | 0.108 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Peak CK-MB (mg/dL) | 130.4 ± 194.4 | 135.3 ± 214.5 | 94.0 ± 128.5 | 0.524 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Peak troponin-I (ng/mL) | 47.5 ± 76.6 | 46.0 ± 88.6 | 45.4 ± 98.6 | 0.616 | 0.588 | 0.882 | 0.895 |
NT-ProBNP (pg/mL) | 2498.6 ± 4563.2 | 2120.5 ± 3221.8 | 3200.7 ± 5819.2 | 0.014 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
hs-CRP (mg/dL) | 9.4 ± 35.5 | 11.5 ± 60.6 | 12.3 ± 46.0 | 0.241 | 0.034 | 0.644 | 0.238 |
Serum creatinine (mg/L) | 1.06 ± 0.93 | 1.04 ± 1.03 | 1.24 ± 1.08 | 0.648 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | 87.7 ± 46.1 | 86.2 ± 47.7 | 78.2 ± 42.2 | 0.783 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Blood glucose (mg/dL) | 139.9 ± 55.3 | 150.3 ± 52.1 | 219.1 ± 97.7 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Hemoglobin A1C (%) | 5.3 ± 0.5 | 6.0 ± 0.2 | 7.5 ± 2.8 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 172.9 ± 39.4 | 182.1 ± 42.8 | 170.8 ± 44.4 | < 0.001 | 0.143 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Triglyceride (mg/L) | 97.2 ± 69.6 | 108.3 ± 70.2 | 123.7 ± 90.2 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
HDL-cholesterol (mg/L) | 45.5 ± 16.6 | 44.9 ± 17.5 | 41.9 ± 14.0 | 0.386 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
LDL-cholesterol (mg/L) | 109.3 ± 35.5 | 116.3 ± 46.4 | 105.9 ± 36.8 | < 0.001 | 0.007 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Discharge medications | 1193 | 1696 | 2603 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Aspirin, n (%) | 1146 (96.1) | 1620 (95.5) | 2485 (95.5) | 0.478 | 0.405 | 0.936 | 0.692 |
Clopidogrel, n (%) | 1005 (84.2) | 1523 (89.8) | 2349 (90.2) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.314 | < 0.001 |
Ticagrelor, n (%) | 154 (12.9) | 130 (7.7) | 201 (7.7) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.946 | < 0.001 |
Prasugrel, n (%) | 34 (2.8) | 43 (2.5) | 53 (2.0) | 0.640 | 0.129 | 0.292 | 0.266 |
Cilostazole, n (%) | 158 (13.2) | 334 (19.7) | 518 (19.9) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.876 | < 0.001 |
BBs, n (%) | 943 (79.0) | 1343 (79.2) | 2083 (80.0) | 0.926 | 0.486 | 0.510 | 0.711 |
ACEIs, n (%) | 656 (55.0) | 872 (51.4) | 1229 (47.2) | 0.058 | < 0.001 | 0.007 | < 0.001 |
ARBs, n (%) | 310 (26.0) | 439 (25.9) | 851 (32.7) | 0.952 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
CCBs, n (%) | 56 (4.7) | 94 (5.5) | 217 (8.3) | 0.349 | 0.678 | 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Lipid lowering agent, n (%) | 1022 (85.7) | 1427 (84.1) | 2238 (86.0) | 0.261 | 0.483 | 0.257 | 0.254 |
Diabetes management | |||||||
 Diet, n (%) |  |  | 139 (5.3) | – | – | – |  |
 Oral agent, n (%) |  |  | 1837 (70.6) | – | – | – |  |
 Insulin, n (%) |  |  | 156 (6.0) | – | – | – |  |
 Untreated, n (%) | – |  | 471 (18.1) | – | – | – |  |
IRA | |||||||
 Left main, n (%) | 28 (2.2) | 33 (1.9) | 52 (2.0) | 0.690 | 0.713 | 0.905 | 0.902 |
 LAD, n (%) | 569 (47.7) | 810 (47.8) | 1203 (46.2) | 0.970 | 0.362 | 0.335 | 0.511 |
 LCx, n (%) | 191 (16.0) | 266 (15.7) | 422 (16.2) | 0.813 | 0.887 | 0.670 | 0.899 |
 RCA, n (%) | 405 (33.9) | 587 (34.6) | 926 (35.6) | 0.712 | 0.341 | 0.535 | 0.589 |
Treated vessel | |||||||
 Left main, n (%) | 39 (3.3) | 65 (3.8) | 86 (3.3) | 0.478 | 0.956 | 0.397 | 0.599 |
 LAD, n (%) | 684 (57.3) | 990 (58.4) | 1525 (58.6) | 0.578 | 0.468 | 0.899 | 0.762 |
 LCx, n (%) | 314 (26.3) | 436 (25.7) | 738 (28.4) | 0.730 | 0.198 | 0.059 | 0.129 |
 RCA, n (%) | 476 (39.9) | 692 (40.8) | 1129 (43.4) | 0.626 | 0.047 | 0.101 | 0.078 |
Extent of CAD | |||||||
 Single-vessel disease, n (%) | 574 (48.1) | 812 (47.9) | 1009 (38.8) | 0.900 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
 Two-vessel disease, n (%) | 384 (32.2) | 531 (31.3) | 885 (34.0) | 0.626 | 0.283 | 0.068 | 0.164 |
 ≥ Three-vessel disease, n (%) | 235 (19.7) | 353 (20.8) | 709 (27.2) | 0.482 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Vascular access | |||||||
 Transradial, n (%) | 358 (30.0) | 500 (29.5) | 725 (27.9) | 0.760 |  | 0.248 | 0.306 |
 Transfemoral, n (%) | 835 (70.0) | 1196 (70.5) | 1878 (72.1) | 0.760 | 0.172 | 0.248 | 0.306 |
ACC/AHA lesion type | |||||||
 Type B1, n (%) | 133 (11.1) | 221 (13.0) | 331 (12.7) | 0.134 | 0.182 | 0.780 | 0.281 |
 Type B2, n (%) | 413 (34.6) | 517 (30.5) | 841 (32.3) | 0.019 | 0.169 | 0.214 | 0.064 |
 Type C, n (%) | 560 (46.9) | 776 (45.8) | 1174 (45.1) | 0.529 | 0.293 | 0.684 | 0.572 |
Pre-PCI TIMI flow grade | |||||||
 0/1, n (%) | 671 (56.2) | 987 (58.2) | 1328 (51.0) | 0.296 | 0.003 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
 2/3, n (%) | 522 (43.8) | 709 (41.8) | 1275 (49.0) | 0.296 | 0.003 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
 IVUS, n (%) | 223 (18.7) | 391 (23.1) | 529 (20.3) | 0.005 | 0.254 | 0.033 | 0.012 |
 OCT, n (%) | 6 (0.5) | 12 (0.7) | 16 (0.6) | 0.633 | 0.819 | 0.703 | 0.787 |
 FFR, n (%) | 10 (0.8) | 19 (1.1) | 24 (0.9) | 0.571 | 0.855 | 0.534 | 0.712 |
Drug-eluting stentsa | |||||||
 ZES, n (%) | 364 (30.5) | 608 (35.8) | 914 (35.1) | 0.003 | 0.006 | 0.625 | 0.006 |
 EES, n (%) | 604 (50.6) | 819 (48.3) | 1292 (49.6) | 0.216 | 0.570 | 0.399 | 0.447 |
 BES, n (%) | 204 (17.1) | 238 (14.0) | 342 (13.1) | 0.024 | 0.001 | 0.411 | 0.005 |
Others, n (%) | 21 (1.8) | 31 (1.8) | 55 (2.1) | 0.893 | 0.534 | 0.578 | 0.698 |
Stent diameter (mm) | 3.10 ± 0.40 | 3.07 ± 0.40 | 3.05 ± 0.40 | 0.075 | 0.002 | 0.173 | 0.007 |
Stent length (mm) | 27.9 ± 11.9 | 27.6 ± 12.0 | 27.6 ± 12.1 | 0.435 | 0.519 | 0.826 | 0.726 |
Number of stent | 1.47 ± 0.76 | 1.53 ± 0.84 | 1.58 ± 0.84 | 0.041 | < 0.001 | 0.047 | < 0.001 |