Table 2 Single Predictor Logistic Regressions of Patient Characteristics to Predict Hospital Mortality (N = 4783)(Expired versus Discharged Alive)
Patient Characteristics | Expired M (SD) or n (%) | Discharged Alive M (SD) or n (%) | OR (95% CI) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 79.20 (8.48) | 76.31 (8.20) | 1.04 (1.03, 1.05)a | < 0.001* |
Sex | ||||
 Male | 1045 (39.09%) | 1628 (60.91%) | 1.31 (1.17, 1.48) | < 0.001* |
 Female | 693 (32.84%) | 1417 (67.16%) | 1 (ref) |  |
Race | ||||
 Black | 304 (31.31%) | 667 (68.69%) | 0.73 (0.63, 0.86) | < 0.001* |
 Asian | 164 (42.27%) | 224 (57.73%) | 1.18 (0.95, 1.47) | 0.142 |
 White | 869 (38.33%) | 1398 (61.67%) | 1 (ref) | – |
 Other | 336 (34.60%) | 635 (65.40%) | 0.85 (0.73, 0.99) | 0.04* |
 Not available | 65 (34.95%) | 121 (65.05%) | 0.86 (0.63, 1.18) | 0.361 |
Ethnicity | ||||
 Hispanic or Latino | 242 (33.80%) | 474 (66.20%) | 0.87 (0.74, 1.03) | 0.12 |
 Not Hispanic or Latino | 1403 (36.87%) | 2402 (63.13%) | 1 (ref) |  |
Insurance | ||||
 Medicaid or Uninsured | 108 (35.06%) | 200 (64.94%) | 0.94 (0.74, 1.20) | 0.63 |
 Medicare or Private | 1630 (36.35%) | 2854 (63.65%) | 1 (ref) |  |
Comorbidities | ||||
 Diabetes Mellitus | ||||
  Yes | 662 (37.85%) | 1087 (62.15%) | 1.11 (0.98, 1.25) | 0.10 |
  No | 1076 (35.46%) | 1958 (64.54%) | 1 (ref) |  |
 Hypertension | ||||
  Yes | 1008 (58.00%) | 730 (42.00%) | 0.814 (0.72, 0.92) | < 0.001* |
  No | 1916 (62.92%) | 1129 (37.08%) | 1 (ref) |  |
 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | ||||
  Yes | 179 (43.13%) | 236 (56.87%) | 1.37 (1.12, 1.68) | 0.003* |
  No | 1559 (35.69%) | 2809 (64.31%) | 1 (ref) |  |
 Intertitial Lung Disease | ||||
  Yes | 216 (67.29%) | 105 (32.71%) | 3.97 (3.12, 5.06) | < 0.001* |
  No | 1522 (34.11%) | 2940 (65.89%) | 1 (ref) |  |
 Asthma | ||||
  Yes | 81 (33.89%) | 158 (66.11%) | 0.89 (0.68, 1.18) | 0.420 |
  No | 1657 (36.47%) | 2887 (63.53%) | 1 (ref) |  |
 Cancer | ||||
  Yes | 176 (41.31%) | 250 (58.69%) | 1.26 (1.03, 1.54) | .03* |
  No | 1562 (35.85%) | 2795 (64.15%) | 1 (ref) |  |
 Coronary Artery Disease | ||||
  Yes | 124 (47.51%) | 137 (52.49%) | 1.63 (1.27, 2.10) | < 0.001* |
  No | 1614 (35.69%) | 2908 (64.31%) | 1 (ref) |  |
 Atrial Fibrillation | ||||
  Yes | 321 (45.02%) | 392 (54.98%) | 1.53 (1.31, 1.80) | < 0.001* |
  No | 1417 (34.82%) | 2653 (65.18%) | 1 (ref) |  |
 Chronic Kidney Disease | ||||
  Yes | 356 (45.24%) | 431 (54.76%) | 1.56 (1.34, 1.82) | < 0.001* |
  No | 1382 (34.58%) | 2614 (65.42%) | 1 (ref) |  |
 Dementia | ||||
  Yes | 290 (46.10%) | 339 (53.90%) | 1.60 (1.35, 1.89) | < 0.001* |
   No | 1448 (34.86%) | 2706 (65.14%) | 1 (ref) |  |
BMI | ||||
 Underweight BMI below 18.5 | 46 (44.23%) | 58 (55.77%) | 1.44 (0.96, 2.16) | 0.080 |
 Normal 18.5 to 24.9 | 361 (35.53%) | 655 (64.47%) | 1 (ref) |  |
 Overweight, 25 to 29.9 | 421 (33.90%) | 821 (66.10%) | 0.93 (0.78, 1.11) | 0.417 |
 Obese, 30 or above | 323 (32.86%) | 660 (67.14%) | 0.89 (0.74, 1.07) | 0.208 |
Comorbidity Index (CCI-age, continuous)b | 3.85 (2.97) | 3.18 (2.76) | 1.08 (1.06, 1.11) | < 0.001* |
Residence Prior to Admission | ||||
 Facility | 495 (48.82%) | 519 (51.18%) | 1.94 (1.68, 2.23) | < 0.001* |
 Home | 1243 (32.98%) | 2526 (67.02%) | 1 (ref) |  |
Advanced Directives | ||||
 Early DNRc | ||||
  Yes | 181 (64.87%) | 98 (35.13%) | 3.50 (2.71, 4.50) | < 0.001* |
  No | 1557 (34.57%) | 2947 (65.43%) | 1 (ref) |  |
Severity of Illness on Presentation | ||||
 MEWS d | ||||
  Severely-ill | 993 (68.15%) | 464 (31.85%) | 6.79 (5.90, 7.80) | < 0.001* |
  Not severely-ill | 684 (23.97%) | 2169 (76.03%) | 1 (ref) |  |
First documented oxygen | ||||
 Nasal cannulae | 1140 (36.39%) | 1993 (63.61%) | 2.58 (2.16, 3.08) | < 0.001* |
 Nonrebreatherf | 254 (56.07%) | 199 (43.93%) | 5.75 (4.49, 7.36) | < 0.001* |
 Mechanical ventilation | 166 (76.50%) | 51 (23.50%) | 14.67 (10.30, 20.88) | < 0.001* |
 Room air | 178 (18.16%) | 802 (81.84%) | 1 (ref) | – |