Risk of antimicrobial-associated organ injury among the older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Chinzowu, Tichawona; Roy, Sandipan; Nishtala, Prasad S.

doi:10.1186/s12877-021-02512-3

BMC Geriatrics

Table 1 Main characteristics of the included studies on antimicrobials and organ injury

From: Risk of antimicrobial-associated organ injury among the older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author, Year	Country	Method	Study Setting	Tool used to ascertain the outcome	Confounders	Sample size	Antibiotic class	Outcome	NOS Risk of bias
Aggarwal, 2018 [31]	India	Prospective cohort	Hospital setting	Laboratory values	Age, gender, BMI, APACHE 2, DM, antibiotic dose	26	Polymyxin	AKI	Low
Ahmed, 2016 [38]	UK	Retrospective cohort	Hospital setting	AKIN	age, gender, surgeon grade, type of anaesthesia	1500	Aminoglycoside	AKI	Low
Ahmed, 2019 [37]	UK	Retrospective cohort	Primary care	ICD-10 codes	age, sex, coronary heart disease, renal disease, liver disease, respiratory disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, heart failure	28,800	Cephalosporin	AKI	Low
Ahmed, 2019 [37]	UK	Retrospective cohort	Primary care	ICD-10 codes	age, sex, coronary heart disease, renal disease, liver disease, respiratory disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, heart failure	21,048	Penicillin	AKI	Low
Ahmed, 2019 [37]	UK	Retrospective cohort	Primary care	ICD-10 codes	age, sex, coronary heart disease, renal disease, liver disease, respiratory disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, heart failure	14,868	Quinolone	AKI	Low
Ahmed, 2018 [11]	UK	Retrospective cohort	Primary care	ICD-10 codes	age, diabetes, dementia, coronary heart disease, stroke, cancer, heart failure, polypharmacy	29,936	Trimethoprim	AKI	Low
Baciewicz, 2003 [12]	USA	Prospective cohort	Hospital setting	Laboratory values	age, sex, nephrotoxic agents, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, hypertension and	86	Aminoglycoside	AKI	Low
Baghaei, 2010 [33]	Iran	Prospective cohort	Hospital setting	Laboratory values	Age, sex, concomitant hepatotoxic drugs	295	antituberculosis	DILI	Low
Baik, 2020 [36]	USA	Prospective cohort	Population based	ICD-9 codes	Concurrent antibiotics, gender, race, rural residency, income status	685,018	Fluoroquinolone	Tendon rupture	Low
Bright-Thomas, 2016 [13]	UK	Retrospective cohort	Primary care	Laboratory values	age, sex, ethnic origin	200	Antituberculosis drugs	DILI	Low
Carreno, 2013 [14]	USA	Retrospective cohort	Hospital setting	AKIN	age, history of AKI, vancomycin dose, concurrent receipt of nephrotoxins, concurrent receipt of vasopressors	88	Glycopeptide	AKI	Low
Craig, 2012 [15]	UK	Retrospective cohort	Hospital setting	Not stated	age, sex, operative procedure	200	Aminoglycoside	AKI	Low
Crellin, 2018 [16]	UK	Retrospective cohort	Multicentre Primary care	ICD-10 codes	sex, age, calendar period, chronic comorbidities, baseline renal function, history of renal or urological disease, and use of renin-angiotensin system blockers and potassium-sparing diuretics.	55,961	Cephalosporin	AKI	Low
Crellin, 2018 [16]	UK	Retrospective cohort	Multicentre Primary care	ICD-10 codes	sex, age, calendar period, chronic comorbidities, baseline renal function, history of renal or urological disease, and use of renin-angiotensin system blockers and potassium-sparing diuretics.	56,736	Nitrofurantoin	AKI	Low
Crellin, 2018 [16]	UK	Retrospective cohort	Multicentre Primary care	ICD-10 codes	sex, age, calendar period, chronic comorbidities, baseline renal function, history of renal or urological disease, and use of renin-angiotensin system blockers and potassium-sparing diuretics.	33,130	Quinolone	AKI	Low
Crellin, 2018 [16]	UK	Retrospective cohort	Multicentre Primary care	ICD-10 codes	sex, age, calendar period, chronic comorbidities, baseline renal function, history of renal or urological disease, and use of renin-angiotensin system blockers and potassium-sparing diuretics.	153,201	Trimethoprim	AKI	Low
Fraisse, 2014 [17]	France	Retrospective cohort	Hospital setting multicentre	NKF	age, sex, weight, concomitant use of other nephrotic drugs, types of infection	109	Aminoglycoside	AKI	Low
Fraisse, 2014 [17]	France	Retrospective cohort	Hospital setting multicentre	NKF	age, sex, weight, concomitant use of other nephrotic drugs, types of infection	45	Aminoglycoside	AKI	Low
Gandhi, 2013 [18]	Canada	Retrospective cohort	Population-based	ICD-10 codes	age, sex, chronic kidney disease, others	96,226	Macrolide	AKI	Low
Gandhi, 2013 [18]	Canada	Retrospective cohort	Population-based	ICD-10 codes	age, sex, chronic kidney disease, others	94,083	Macrolide	AKI	Low
Giri, 2016 [34]	India	Prospective cohort	Prospective cohort	Laboratory values	Overweight, age, sex, impaired renal status, pregnancy, immunocompromised	26	Aminoglycoside	AKI	High
Gyamlani, 2019 [19]	USA	Retrospective cohort	Hospital setting	CKD-EPI equation	age, sex, comorbidities, baseline eGFR, exposure to nephrotoxic medication	22,057	Glycopeptide	AKI	Low
Hall, 2014 [20]	USA	Retrospective cohort	Hospital setting	Laboratory values	age, sex, hospital stay, concomitant use of nephrotoxins	92	Glycopeptide	AKI	Low
Huang, 2018 [21]	China	Retrospective cohort	Hospital setting	AKIN	age, sex, type of infection, comorbidities, APACH II score	50	Glycopeptide	AKI	Low
Karino, 2014 [22]	Japan	Prospective cohort	Hospital setting	Categorical scale of mild, moderate, or serious (state recommended).	sex, age, underlying disease	22	Penicillin	AKI	Low
Li, 2015 [24]	Canada	Retrospective cohort	Population-based	ICD-10 codes	age, sex, baseline evidence of CKD, CVD, cancer, diabetes	52,518	Macrolide	AKI	Low
Li, 2015 [24]	Canada	Retrospective cohort	Population-based	ICD-10 codes	age, sex, baseline evidence of CKD, CVD, cancer, diabetes	51,523	Macrolide	AKI	Low
Liu, 2015 [23]	China	Retrospective cohort	Hospital setting	AKIN	age, sex, weight, comorbidities, concomitant use of ACEI, ARBs, NSAIDs, aminoglycosides, immunosuppressants	124	Glycopeptide	AKI	Low
Mizokami, 2013 [25]	Japan	Retrospective cohort	Hospital setting	Laboratory values	age, gender, infection severity, body weight, comorbidity index	94	Glycopeptide	AKI	Low
Morimoto, 2017 [32]	Japan	Prospective cohort	Hospital setting	KDIGO	Age, gender, concomitant antibiotics, BMI, BUN, severity of pneumonia	57	Penicillin	AKI	Moderate
Noh, 2019 [26]	South Korea	Retrospective cohort	Hospital setting	Laboratory values	age, sex, comorbidities (e.g., hypertension, etc.)	77	Antituberculosis drugs	DILI	Low
Ong, 2016 [27]	Singapore	Retrospective cohort	Hospital-based	KDIGO	age, sex, critical illness, comorbidities (e.g. diabetes, etc.), nephrotoxic medication	194	Aminoglycoside	AKI	Low
Ong, 2016 [27]	Singapore	Retrospective cohort	Hospital-based	KDIGO	age, sex, critical illness, comorbidities (e.g. diabetes, etc.), nephrotoxic medication	84	Aminoglycoside	AKI	Low
Pan, 2018 [39]	China	Retrospective cross-sectional	Hospital-based	KDIGO	age, gender, baseline serum creatinine, vasopressors, beta-blockers, furosemide, carbapenems, ICU admittance, etc.	647	Glycopeptide	AKI	Low
Pan, 2017 [28]	China	Retrospective cohort	Hospital-based	KDIGO	sex, age, baseline serum creatinine, the reason for vancomycin therapy, ICU admittance, etc.	279	Glycopeptide	AKI	Low
Paterson. 1998 [29]	Australia	Prospective cohort	Hospital-based	Laboratory values	age, duration of therapy, allopurinol use,	88	Aminoglycoside	AKI	Low
Raveh, 2002 [30]	Israel	Prospective cohort	Hospital-based	Laboratory values	age, gender, BMI, infectious diagnosis, diabetes mellitus, etc.	209	Aminoglycoside	AKI	Low
Sia, 2018 [35]	Australia	Retrospective cohort	Hospital based	KDIGO	Age, gender, treatment indicator, ICU admission	242	Aminoglycoside	AKI	Low

KEY: AKI Acute kidney injury, DILI Drug induced liver injury, KDIGO Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcome, AKIN Acute Kidney Injury Network, ICD-10 International Classification of Diseases version 10, CKD-EPI Chronic kidney Disease – Epidemiology collaborator, NKF National Kidney Foundation, CVD Cardiovarscular disease, ACEI Angiotensin converting enzyme Inhibitor, ARB Angiotensin II receptor blocker, NSAID Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, ICU Intensive care unit, BMI Body-Mass index
NOS risk of bias grades: low, moderate, high

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ISSN: 1471-2318

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