|
Variable
|
Q1
|
Q2
|
Q3
|
Q4
|
P
|
|---|
|
N
|
110
|
110
|
110
|
114
| |
|
FSH (IU/L)
|
9.61 (7.40–11.41)
|
14.82 (13.96–16.94)
|
25.12 (21.43–32.35)
|
51.6 (42.85–64.94)
| |
|
Age (years)
|
84 (81–87)
|
85 (83–89)
|
85 (83–89)
|
88 (85–91)
|
< 0.001
|
|
BMI (kg/m2)
|
24.3 ± 3.0
|
25.0 ± 3.5
|
23.5 ± 3.4
|
24.0 ± 3.6
|
0.020
|
|
WC (cm)
|
91 ± 8
|
93 ± 8
|
90 ± 11
|
90 ± 11
|
0.014
|
|
SBP (mmHg)
|
137 ± 22
|
133 ± 22
|
133 ± 19
|
134 ± 19
|
0.425
|
|
DBP (mmHg)
|
71 ± 12
|
70 ± 12
|
66 ± 11
|
70 ± 11
|
0.030
|
|
Diabetes (%)
|
34.5
|
36.4
|
47.3
|
35.1
|
0.166
|
|
Hypertension (%)
|
85.5
|
78.2
|
89.1
|
80.7
|
0.130
|
|
Current/ex-smoker (%)
|
24.5
|
25.5
|
25.9
|
33.3
|
0.426
|
|
High education (%)
|
87.8
|
88.9
|
88.5
|
63.2
|
< 0.001
|
|
Married status (%)
|
92.2
|
94.4
|
92.7
|
89.5
|
0.579
|
|
Routine exercisea
|
44.9
|
40.0
|
41.2
|
42.1
|
0.912
|
|
MNA-SF score
|
13.0 (11.0–14.0)
|
13.0 (12.0–14.0)
|
12.0 (11.0–13.0)
|
12.0 (10.0–14.0)
|
0.034
|
|
Lipid-lowering drug users (%)
|
50.9
|
52.7
|
58.2
|
56.1
|
0.697
|
|
Antihypertensive drug users (%)
|
60
|
60
|
70.9
|
68.4
|
0.197
|
|
TT (nmol/L)
|
14.7 (8.0–19.5)
|
13.3 (9.3–18.4)
|
10.4 (7.9–15.0)
|
9.3 (6.3–12.6)
|
< 0.001
|
|
E2 (pmol/L)
|
141 (124–174)
|
153 (119–188)
|
121 (99–152)
|
109 (89–143)
|
< 0.001
|
|
LH (IU/L)
|
6.0 (4.7–8.3)
|
8.5 (6.2–10.5)
|
12.1 (8.1–17.3)
|
25.7 (22.3–35.8)
|
< 0.001
|
|
HbA1c (%)
|
5.7 (5.6–6.1)
|
5.9 (5.4–6.7)
|
6.0 (5.6–6.5)
|
5.9 (5.5–6.2)
|
0.191
|
|
FPG (mmol/L)
|
5.2 (4.6–5.7)
|
5.1 (4.8–5.8)
|
5.4 (4.8–6.4)
|
5.2 (4.8–5.6)
|
0.373
|
|
FINS (pmol/L)
|
6.4 (4.3–10.5)
|
8.1 (5.2–11.1)
|
7.1 (4.0–12.0)
|
6.8 (4.8–11.3)
|
0.312
|
|
TC (mmol/L)
|
3.74 (3.22–4.46)
|
4.06 (3.30–4.70)
|
4.00 (3.34–4.94)
|
3.89 (3.39–4.39)
|
0.143
|
|
TG (mmol/L)
|
0.83 (0.61–1.19)
|
1.08 (0.81–1.45)
|
1.04 (0.68–1.36)
|
1.07 (0.83–1.42)
|
0.004
|
|
LDL-c (mmol/L)
|
2.00 (1.70–2.47)
|
2.24 (1.63–2.89)
|
2.07 (1.71–2.97)
|
2.03 (1.64–2.60)
|
0.110
|
|
HDL-c (mmol/L)
|
1.14 (0.92–1.44)
|
1.10 (0.90–1.22)
|
1.04 (0.88–1.35)
|
1.20 (0.97–1.36)
|
0.115
|
|
ALT (U/L)
|
12 (10–18)
|
14 (10–20)
|
13 (8–19)
|
12 (8–19)
|
0.389
|
|
AST (U/L)
|
18 (16–22)
|
20 (17–23)
|
18 (15–22)
|
20 (15–23)
|
0.207
|
|
hsCRP (mg/L)
|
1.35 (0.46–5.58)
|
1.23 (0.58–2.04)
|
1.47 (0.58–3.34)
|
1.40 (0.49–3.64)
|
0.583
|
|
PCT (ng/mL)
|
0.037 (0.024–0.042)
|
0.037 (0.026–0.045)
|
0.036 (0.023–0.50)
|
0.039 (0.030–0.054)
|
0.088
|
- Data were summarized as the mean ± standard deviation for normally distributed variables or median (interquartile range) for skewed variables continuous variables or as proportion for categorical variables. The Kruskal–Wallis test and ANOVA were used for continuous variables with a skewed or normal distribution, and the chi-square (χ2) test was used for categorical variables. aRoutine exercise: moderate to strenuous intensity ≥3 times a week
- Abbreviations: ALT Alanine aminotransferase, AST Aspartate aminotransferase, BMI body mass index, DBP diastolic blood pressure, E2 estradiol, FINS fasting insulin, FPG fasting plasma glucose, FSH follicle-stimulating hormone, HbA1c hemoglobin A1c, HDL-c high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hsCRP high sensitive C-reactive protein, LDL-c low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LH luteinizing hormone, MNA-SF Short-form of Mini Nutritional Assessment, PCT procalcitonin, SBP systolic blood pressure, TC total cholesterol, TG triglyceride, TT total testosterone, WC waist circumference
