Table 1 Characteristics of all 444 subjects according to NAFLD

N

336

108

Age (years)

86 (83–90)

84 (82–88)

0.006

BMI (kg/m²)

23.6 ± 3.3

26.0 ± 3.0

< 0.001

WC (cm)

89 ± 9

97 ± 8

< 0.001

SBP (mmHg)

134 ± 21

136 ± 19

0.202

DBP (mmHg)

69 ± 12

69 ± 12

0.986

Diabetes (%)

36.9

41.5

0.394

Hypertension (%)

79.8

94.4

< 0.001

0.827

High education (%)

80.0

86.5

0.135

Married status (%)

92.7

90.6

0.481

Routine exercise^a (%)

41.3

44.2

0.599

MNA-SF score

12.0 (10.0–13.3)

13.0 (12.0–14.0)

< 0.001

Malnutrition/Nutritional Risk (%)

36.3

13.2

< 0.001

Lipid-lowering drug users (%)

51.2

64.8

0.013

Antihypertensive drug users (%)

61.3

75.9

0.006

TT (nmol/L)

12.9 (8.5–18.4)

9.5 (6.5–11.7)

< 0.001

E₂ (pmol/L)

140 (106–167)

113 (83–136)

< 0.001

LH (IU/L)

10.1 (6.8–21)

9.5 (6.5–11.7)

0.568

FSH (IU/L)

17.8 (12.7–35.2)

22.4 (14.2–42.9)

0.025

HbA1c (%)

5.7 (5.5–6.2)

6.2 (5.8–6.8)

< 0.001

FPG (mmol/L)

5.0 (4.7–5.6)

5.6 (5.2–6.5)

< 0.001

FINS (mU/L)

5.9 (4.0–9.4)

11.0 (8.1–14.6)

< 0.001

TC (mmol/L)

3.84 (3.22–4.64)

4.01 (3.52–4.71)

0.086

TG (mmol/L)

0.90 (0.65–1.25)

1.34 (1.05–2.08)

< 0.001

LDL-c (mmol/L)

2.03 (1.64–2.72)

2.33 (1.86–2.79)

0.002

HDL-c (mmol/L)

1.15 (0.94–1.40)

0.96 (0.86–1.19)

< 0.001

ALT (U/L)

12 (9–18)

15 (11–20)

0.004

AST (U/L)

18 (15–22)

19 (17–22)

0.082

hsCRP (mg/L)

1.34 (0.49–4.56)

1.47 (0.81–2.72)

0.555

PCT (ng/mL)

0.036 (0.026–0.047)

0.041 (0.029–0.054)

0.007