Table 2 The characteristics at baseline between included and excluded participants (N = 57,257)
Characteristics | Included participants (n = 19,896) | Excluded participants (n = 37,361) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (mean ± SD, years) | 83.82 ± 11.13 | 89.19 ± 11.65 | < 0.001 |
Weight (mean ± SD, kg) | 50.54 ± 11.22 | 49.62 ± 12.41 | < 0.001 |
Number of natural teeth (mean ± SD) | 9.39 ± 10.17 | 7.81 ± 11.51 | < 0.001 |
Sex (n, %) | < 0.001 | ||
Male | 8,989(45.18) | 14,788(39.58) | |
Female | 10,907(54.82) | 22,573(60.42) | |
Marital status (n, %) | < 0.001 | ||
Married | 7,672(38.59) | 9,984(26.85) | |
Divorced | 95(0.48) | 152(0.41) | |
Widowed | 11,900(59.85) | 26,672(71.72) | |
Unmarried | 215(1.08) | 381(1.02) | |
Living areas (n, %) | < 0.001 | ||
Urban | 13,738(70.01) | 27,270(73.64) | |
Rural | 5,884(29.99) | 9,763(26.36) | |
Education (n, %) | < 0.001 | ||
Illiteracy | 11,679(58.93) | 23,294(62.76) | |
Primary school or above | 8,141(41.07) | 13,820(37.24) | |
Ethnicity (n, %) | < 0.001 | ||
Han | 18,292(91.94) | 34,983(93.64) | |
Others | 1,604(8.06) | 2,378(6.36) | |
Current smoker (n, %) | < 0.001 | ||
No | 4,200(21.12) | 5,609(15.07) | |
Yes | 15,688(78.88) | 31,594(84.91) | |
Current alcohol consumer (n, %) | < 0.001 | ||
No | 4,498(22.62) | 6,175(16.63) | |
Yes | 15,389(77.38) | 30,943(83.34) | |
Physical activity (n, %) | < 0.001 | ||
No | 6,614(33.27) | 9,337(25.16) | |
Yes | 13,268(66.73) | 27,760(74.81) | |
Self-reported health status (n, %) | < 0.001 | ||
Poor | 2,082(10.48) | 4,745(14.78) | |
Fair | 6,337(31.91) | 11,870(36.96) | |
Good | 11,442(57.61) | 15,498(48.26) | |
History of hypertension (n, %) | 0.819 | ||
No | 8,151(40.97) | 15,343(41.07) | |
Yes | 11,745(59.03) | 22,018(58.93) | |
History of diabetes (n, %) | < 0.001 | ||
No | 19,511(98.10) | 32,053(95.07) | |
Yes | 377(1.90) | 1,663(4.93) | |
History of cardiovascular diseases (n, %) | < 0.001 | ||
No | 19,063(95.86) | 31,331(92.45) | |
Yes | 824(4.14) | 2,559(7.55) | |
False teeth (n, %) | < 0.001 | ||
Yes | 5,630(28.31) | 9,994(26.84) | |
No | 14,259(71.69) | 27,161(72.95) | |
Drinking habits (n, %) | < 0.001 | ||
Boiled water | 18,881(94.96) | 31,379(96.42) | |
Un-boiled water | 1,002(5.04) | 1,145(3.52) | |
Drinking water sources at around 60 years (n, %) | < 0.001 | ||
Well | 10,982(56.01) | 20,013(54.54) | |
Surface water | 2,587(13.19) | 4,045(11.02) | |
Spring | 737(3.76) | 1,181(3.22) | |
Tap water | 5,302(27.04) | 11,190(30.50) | |
Staple food (n, %) | < 0.001 | ||
Rice | 12,736(64.04) | 22,983(61.57) | |
Corn | 745(3.75) | 1,415(3.79) | |
Wheat | 3,988(20.05) | 6,995(18.74) | |
Rice and wheat | 2,418(12.16) | 5,571(14.92) | |
Frequency of intake fresh fruit (n, %) | < 0.001 | ||
Almost everyday | 2,664(13.39) | 6,202(16.62) | |
Quite often | 3,717(18.69) | 7,174(19.23) | |
Occasionally | 8,743(43.96) | 13,994(37.5) | |
Rarely or never | 4,765(23.96) | 9,921(26.59) | |
Frequency of intake vegetables (n, %) | < 0.001 | ||
Almost everyday | 12,839(64.56) | 22,381(59.98) | |
Quite often | 4,381(22.03) | 8,777(23.52) | |
Occasionally | 2,194(11.03) | 4,422(11.85) | |
Rarely or never | 474(2.38) | 1,707(4.57) | |
Frequency of intake meat (n, %) | < 0.001 | ||
Almost everyday | 9,282(46.67) | 22,329(59.96) | |
Occasionally | 7,463(37.52) | 9,280(24.92) | |
Rarely or never | 3,144(15.81) | 5,541(14.88) | |
Frequency of intake fish (n, %) | < 0.001 | ||
Almost everyday | 6,121(30.78) | 15,910(42.73) | |
Occasionally | 8,540(42.94) | 11,501(30.89) | |
Rarely or never | 5,228(26.29) | 9,692(26.03) |