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Table 3 Comparison of the two groups regarding the mean scores of BBS, TUG test, and FES

From: Effect of virtual reality exercises on balance and fall in elderly people with fall risk: a randomized controlled trial

Variable

Groups

Baseline

(Mean ± SD)

Six weeks

(Mean ± SD)

Change

(Mean ± SD)

P-valuea

(within-group)

BBS

Intervention

36.9 ± 8.6

40.4 ± 7.7

3.4 ± 2.76

< 0.001

Control

31.7 ± 9

31.9 ± 7.8

0.2 ± 2.6

0.68

P-value (between-group)

0.026 b

< 0.001 c

< 0.001 c

–

Balance state (TUG test)

Intervention

15.3 ± 1.9

13.0 ± 2.6

−2.3 ± 1.6

< 0.001

Control

16.6 ± 2.7

16.7 ± 2.6

0.06 ± 2.5

0.88

P-value (between groups)

0.04b

< 0.001 c

< 0.001 c

–

FES

Intervention

37.6 ± 11.2

33.5 ± 9.9

−4.0 ± 4.4

< 0.001

Control

41.4 ± 11.6

42.3 ± 9.6

0.8 ± 3.6

0.217

P-valueb(between groups)

0.195

0.001

< 0.001

 
  1. BBS Berg Balance Scale, TUG Timed Up and Go, FES Falling Efficacy Scale
  2. a Paired t-test for within-group comparisons; bIndependent t-test; c ANCOVA for between-group comparisons