Table 3 Results of sex-stratified Poisson models (outcome: poor SRH)

Sex

Female vs male

0.57 (0.51–0.64)

Age

In years

0.983 (0.978–0.987)

0.980 (0.973–0.988)

0.982 (0.975–0.989)

Chronic conditions

At least 1 chronic condition

5.95 (2.73–5.70)

3.15 (1.96–5.07)

5.30 (2.44–11.52)

No chronic conditions

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Social support availability

Availability of social support

0.994 (0.992–0.996)

0.994 (0.990–0.998)

0.992 (0.989–0.996)

Social support participation

Did not participate in community related activity

1.50 (0.79–2.79)

1.79 (0.57–5.63)

1.36 (0.62–2.69)

Participated in community related activity at least 1/year

1.54 (1.20–2.79)

1.51 (1.05–2.18)

2.00 (1.35–2.99)

Participated in community related activity at least 1/month

1.58 (1.37–1.82)

1.52 (1.21–1.91)

1.72 (1.36–2.19)

Participated in community related activity at least 1/week

1.21 (1.07–1.38)

1.09 (0.89–1.32)

1.34 (1.09–1.64)

Participated in community related activity at least 1/day

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Education level

Less than secondary school graduation

1.30 (1.13–1.49)

–

1.35 (1.10–1.65)

Secondary school graduation, no post-secondary

0.98 (0.86–1.11)

–

1.05 (0.86–1.28)

Some post-secondary education

1.10 (0.97–1.26)

–

1.19 (0.97–1.46)

Post- secondary degree/diploma

Ref.

–

Ref.

Wealth

(how well does your income satisfy your basic needs?)

Totally inadequately

1.76 (1.40–2.23)

1.68 (1.13–2.51)

1.69 (1.18–2.41)

Not very well

1.77 (1.47–2.13)

1.81 (1.34–2.45)

1.56 (1.14–2.14)

With some difficulty

1.34 (1.05–1.54)

1.18 (0.93–1.50)

1.35 (1.09–1.67)

Adequately

1.24 (1.13–1.36)

1.12 (0.96–1.30)

1.26 (1.08–1.48)

Very well

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Income

Less than $20,000

1.32 (1.12–1.56)

1.75 (1.30–2.34)

1.24 (0.96–1.59)

$20,000 or more, but less than $50,000

0.97 (0.83–1.13)

1.33 (1.03–1.72)

0.86 (0.67–1.11)

$50,000 or more, but less than $100,000

0.85 (0.72–0.99)

1.02 (0.79–1.32)

0.77 (0.56–0.97)

$100,000 or more, but less than $150,000

0.74 (0.59–0.93)

0.93 (0.68–1.28)

0.61 (0.36–1.03)

$150,000 or more

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Smoking

Daily smoker

1.41 (1.24–1.60)

1.41 (1.15–1.73)

1.50 (1.24–1.83)

Occasional smoker or former daily smoker

1.25 (1.15–1.34)

1.32 (1.14–1.52)

1.05 (1.02–1.34)

< 100 cigarettes in lifetime/non-smoker

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Alcohol consumption

Regular drinker (at least once/month)

0.65 (0.59–0.72)

0.78 (0.66–0.93)

0.59 (0.50–0.69)

Occasional drinker

0.91 (0.81–1.02)

1.07 (0.86–1.34)

0.84 (0.71–0.99)

Did not drink in the last 12 months

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Nutrition

Higher = healthier nutrition

0.997 (0.995–0.998)

0.996 (0.993–0.998)

0.996 (0.994–0.998)

Depression

Measure of depressive symptoms

1.019 (1.014–1.024)

1.023 (1.022–1.036)

1.021 (1.015–1.027)

BMI

Underweight

1.77 (1.25–2.51)

2.10 (1.20–3.66)

1.69 (1.01–2.82)

Normal

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Overweight

1.11 (0.98–1.24)

1.00 (0.83–1.21)

1.31 (1.08–1.58)

Obese

2.06 (1.85–2.29)

2.22 (1.86–2.65)

2.28 (1.91–2.72)

Vision

Poor

1.76 (1.56–1.98)

–

1.80 (1.48–2.18)

Good

1.38 (1.26–1.51)

–

1.33 (1.15–1.54)

Excellent

Ref.

–

Ref.

Hearing

Poor

1.78 (1.59–1.98)

1.99 (1.69–2.33)

1.76 (1.45–2.12)

Good

1.22 (1.11–1.34)

1.39 (1.20–1.62)

1.16 (1.00–1.33)

Excellent

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Grip strength

In Kg

0.983 (0.977–0.988)

0.986 (0.979–0.993)

0.975 (0.963–0.987)

Care services

Received both formal and informal health care services

2.87 (2.51–3.29)

3.27 (2.55–4.18)

2.71 (2.20–3.32)