Skip to main content

Table 2 Association between each cardiovascular disease risk factor at baseline (wave 1) and incident frailty during the follow-up (wave2-wave3). (n=2,901)

From: The Framingham risk score is associated with incident frailty, or is it?

 

Sex-adjusted Model b

Fully-adjusted Model c

HR (95% CI)

P value

HR (95% CI)

P value

Age (years)

1.09 (1.07 to 1.11)

<0.001

1.08 (1.06 to 1.10)

<0.001

Sex

 Male

1 (ref)

 

1 (ref)

 

 Female

1.73 (1.31 to 2.27)

<0.001

1.41 (1.00 to 1.98)

0.049

Total cholesterol (mg/dl) a

0.76 (0.66 to 0.89)

<0.001

0.83 (0.71 to 0.96)

0.006

HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) a

1.08 (0.96 to 1.22)

0.155

1.05 (0.93 to 1.19)

0.544

Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) a

0.98 (0.85 to 1.12)

0.610

0.93 (0.82 to 1.07)

0.299

Antihypertensive treatment

 No

1 (ref)

 

1 (ref)

 

 Yes

1.17 (0.89 to 1.55)

0.266

1.31 (1.96 to 1.79)

0.087

Smoking

 No

1 (ref)

 

1 (ref)

 

 Yes

1.37 (1.03 to 1.83)

0.031

1.42 (1.04 to 1.95)

0.029

Diabetes

 No

1 (ref)

 

1 (ref)

 

 Yes

1.06 (0.78 to 1.43)

0.731

1.17 (0.84 to 1.62)

0.358

  1. HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval
  2. aHR per SD (Total cholesterol:38.46, HDL cholesterol: 15.69, Systolic blood pressure: 22.80) increase
  3. bAdjusted for sex
  4. cAdjusted for sex, education, marital status, obesity, comorbidity burden, and cognitive function score