Table 7 Cross-sectional associations for frailty and health service expenditure
Model 1: unadjusted ME (95% CI) [p-val.] | Model 2: adjusted ME (95% CI) [p-val.] | Model 3: adjusted ME (95% CI) [p-val.] | Model 4: adjusted ME (95% CI) [p-val.] | Model 5: adjusted ME (95% CI) [p-val.] | Model 6: adjusted ME (95% CI) [p-val.] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
In the past month, how much did you spend on consulting costs? | ||||||
Pre-frail | 2.7 (−0.4–5.7) [0.084] | 2.9 (− 0.1–5.9) [0.058] | 2.6 (− 0.4–5.6) [0.089] | 2.6 (− 0.5–5.6) [0.096] | 2.7 (−0.4–5.7) [0.084] | 2.6 (− 0.3–5.6) [0.083] |
Frail | 4.8 (2.2–7.4) [< 0.001] | 4.9 (2.4–7.5) [< 0.001] | 5.3 (2.8–7.9) [< 0.001] | 4.7 (2.1–7.3) [< 0.001] | 5.0 (2.3–7.6) [< 0.001] | 5.0 (2.4–7.6) [< 0.001] |
In the past month, how much did you spend on medications (drugs)? | ||||||
Pre-frail | 2.1 (−0.4–4.7) [0.102] | 2.2 (− 0.3–4.8) [0.089] | 2.0 (− 0.5–4.6) [0.117] | 2.2 (− 0.4–4.7) [0.099] | 2.3 (− 0.3–4.8) [0.082] | 2.2 (− 0.3–4.7) [0.087] |
Frail | 4.9 (2.7–7.0) [< 0.001] | 5.0 (2.8–7.2) [< 0.001] | 5.3 (3.1–7.4) [< 0.001] | 5.0 (2.8–7.2) [< 0.001] | 5.5 (3.3–7.8) [< 0.001] | 5.7 (3.5–8.0) [< 0.001] |
In the past month, how much did you spend on hospitalisation expenses? | ||||||
Pre-frail | 3.6 (−6.5–13.8) [0.480] | 3.0 (− 6.8–12.9) [0.545] | 3.8 (−6.4–13.9) [0.466] | 4.1 (− 5.9–14.1) [0.425] | 3.8 (−6.1–13.7) [0.456] | 3.3 (− 6.4–13.0) [0.501] |
Frail | 8.9 (0.3–17.5) [0.044] | 8.1 (− 0.4–16.5) [0.061] | 9.3 (0.6–17.9) [0.036] | 10.6 (2.1–19.1) [0.015] | 7.9 (− 0.7–16.5) [0.071] | 8.4 (0.2–16.7) [0.045] |
In the past month, total health expenditures | ||||||
Pre-frail | 2.7 (0.3–5.1) [0.028] | 2.8 (0.4–5.2) [0.022] | 2.6 (0.2–5.0) [0.031] | 2.8 (0.4–5.2) [0.024] | 2.8 (0.4–5.2) [0.021] | 2.8 (0.5–5.2) [0.019] |
Frail | 5.1 (3.0–7.2) [< 0.001] | 5.3 (3.2–7.4) [< 0.001] | 5.5 (3.4–7.5) [< 0.001] | 5.4 (3.3–7.5) [< 0.001] | 5.6 (3.5–7.8) [< 0.001] | 6.1 (3.9–8.2) [< 0.001] |