Table 1 Study characteristics by groups at baseline

Age (years)

64.05 ± 3.35

64.11 ± 3.81

Height (cm)

155.77 ± 4.14

155.59 ± 4.38

Weight (kg)

78.73 ± 7.52

81.81 ± 8.03

BMI (kg/m²)

32.53 ± 2.01

33.72 ± 3.15

Body fat (%)

43.60 ± 2.66

46.29 ± 3.42

BMC (gr)

2.13 ± 0.50

2.24 ± 0.38

BMD (gr/cm²)

1.005 ± 0.450

0.929 ± 0.245

FRAX

4.72 ± 0.18

4.68 ± 0.19

Vitamin D

43.02 ± 20.97

38.28 ± 21.32

Alkaline phosphatase (IU/L)

139.23 ± 28.22

165.93 ± 42.46

CTX-I (ng/ml)

0.526 ± 0.097

0.543 ± 0.081