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Table 4 Diagnostic accuracy of screening tools to expedite assessment of fall-risk in people receiving haemodialysis

From: Screening tools to expedite assessment of frailty in people receiving haemodialysis: a diagnostic accuracy study

Screening tools

AUC (95% CI)

P-value

Gini-I

K-S

Cut-off

Prevalence, n (%)

SENS

SPEC

PPV

NPV

LR+

LR-

Handgrip (Kg)

0.67 (0.54–0.79)

0.009

0.33

0.34

≤ 28.5

46 (60.5)

55%

79%

0.67

0.69

2.58

0.57

Gait speed (m/s)

0.65 (0.52–0.78)

0.021

0.31

0.32

≤ 0.75

27 (36)

79%

53%

0.56

0.77

1.68

0.40

TUG (s)

0.66 (0.53–0.79)

0.015

0.32

0.30

≥ 10.7

31 (41.9)

58%

71%

0.60

0.70

2.03

0.59

STS-5 (s)

0.57 (0.43–0.71)

0.348

0.14

0.25

≥ 20.3

18 (25.4)

39%

86%

0.65

0.68

2.75

0.71

SF-36 PF (score)

0.69 (0.57–0.81)

0.002

0.38

0.33

≤ 27.5

25 (33.8)

81%

52%

0.56

0.79

1.67

0.37

SF-36 PCS (score)

0.66 (0.54–0.79)

0.011

0.33

0.31

≤ 32.9

30 (41.1)

73%

58%

0.57

0.74

1.75

0.46

IPAQ (METs/min/week)

0.54 (0.41–0.67)

0.528

0.08

0.14

≤ 1243

61 (80.2)

26%

88%

0.63

0.60

2.17

0.84

FES (score)

0.80 (0.69–0.90)

< 0.001

0.59

0.53

≥ 18

40 (52.6)

82%

71%

0.69

0.83

2.86

0.25

  1. Abbreviations: AUC Area under the curve, CI Confidence interval, Gini-I Gini Index, K-S KS statistic, SENS Sensitivity, SPEC Specificity, PPV Positive predictive value, NPV Negative predictive value, LR+ Positive likelihood ratio, LR- Negative likelihood ratio, TUG Timed up and go test, STS-5 Five-seconds sit to stand test, SF-36 PF Physical function score of SF-36 questionnaire, SF-36 PCS Physical composite scale of SF-36 questionnaire, IPAQ International physical activity questionnaire (short format), FES Tinetti falls efficacy scale