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Table 3 Characteristics associated with life-space over time, N = 1581a

From: Exploring life-space in the nursing home. An observational longitudinal study

Characteristic

Bivariate model

Multiple model

Regr.coeff. (SE)

p-value

Regr.coeff. (SE)

p-value

Time

0.07 (0.07)

0.31

1.16 (0.24)

< 0.001

Time x Time

−0.01 (0.002)

< 0.001

−0.03 (0.008)

< 0.001

Age

−0.59 (0.07)

< 0.001

−0.31 (0.05)

< 0.001

 Age x Time

0.02 (0.01)

0.02

  

 Age x Time x Time

−0.0002 (0.003)

0.57

  

Sex (male)

0.45 (1.14)

0.70

−0.21 (0.80)

0.79

 Sex x Time

0.15 (0.15)

0.32

  

 Sex x Time x Time

−0.007 (0.005)

0.15

  

GMHR Poor

−4.60 (0.95)

< 0.001

−1.63 (0.61)

0.008

 GMHR Poor x Time

0.05 (0.15)

0.73

  

 GMHR Poor x Time x Time

− 0.001 (0.005)

0.80

  

Medication

−0.31 (0.16)

0.050

−0.003 (0.10)

0.98

 Medication x Time

0.05 (0.02)

0.04

  

 Medication x Time x Time

−0.001 (0.007)

0.13

  

SPPB

1.24 (0.13)

< 0.001

0.84 (0.10)

< 0.001

 SPPB x Time

0.001 (0.02)

0.96

  

 SPPB x Time x Time

−0.00002 (0.00006)

0.97

  

MOBID-2 P1

−0.32 (0.08)

< 0.001

−0.09 (0.05)

0.059

 MOBID-2 P1 x Time

0.005 (0.01)

0.65

  

 MOBID-2 P1 x Time x Time

−0.00007 (0.0003)

0.82

  

MOBID-2 P2

−0.22 (0.11)

0.04

−0.07 (0.07)

0.29

 MOBID-2 P2 x Time

−0.002 (0.02)

0.92

  

 MOBID-2 P2 x Time x Time

−0.00007 (0.0005)

0.89

  

CDR-sob

−0.26 (0.13)

0.051

−0.14 (0.13)

0.27

 CDR-sob x Time

−0.09 (0.02)

< 0.001

−0.08 (0.02)

< 0.001

 CDR-sob x Time x Time b

0.002 (0.0006)

0.003

0.002 (0.0006)

0.004 b

NPI agitation

0.16 (0.07)

0.02

0.12 (0.04)

0.005

 Agitation x Time

−0.007 (0.009)

0.44

  

 Agitation x Time x Time

−0.0001 (0.0003)

0.70

  

NPI psychosis

0.22 (0.11)

0.051

0.04 (0.08)

0.63

 Psychosis x Time

−0.03 (0.02)

0.058

  

 Psychosis x Time x Time

−0.0004 (0.0005)

0.47

  

NPI affective

0.07 (0.08)

0.43

−0.02 (0.06)

0.70

 Affective x Time

−0.02 (0.01)

0.12

  

 Affective x Time x Time

0.0001 (0.0004)

0.71

  

NPI apathy

−0.37 (0.17)

0.03

−0.39 (0.10)

< 0.001

 Apathy x Time

−0.02 (0.03)

0.56

  

 Apathy x Time x Time

0.0001 (0.0008)

0.88

  

Staff-to-resident ratio

5.11 (6.95)

0.46

−3.58 (4.37)

0.41

 Staff-to-resident ratio x Time

−0.97 (0.84)

0.25

  

 Staff-to-resident ratio x Time x Time

0.03 (0,03)

0.33

  

Unit size

−0.69 (0.14)

< 0.001

−0.30 (0.10)

0.003

 Unit size x Time

0.02 (0.02)

0.15

  

 Unit size x Time x Time

0.00004 (0.00005)

0.94

  

SCUEQS

0.44 (0.13)

0.001

0.15 (0.09)

0.08

 SCUEQS x Time

−0.001 (0.02)

0.92

  

 SCUEQS x Time x Time

−0.0001 (0.0005)

0.73

  
  1. aBased on the number of residents assessed with Nursing Home Life-Space Diameter (NHLSD) at the 7 time points. Cases with at least one missing value on covariates were excluded (n0 = 453, n6 = 318, n12 = 256, n18 = 197, n24 = 153, n30 = 116, n36 = 88). ICC = 22.3%
  2. bChange in association in time between life-space and CDR-SOB is illustrated in Supplementary Figure S1B
  3. SE Standard Error, GMHR General Medical Health Rating (dichotomized excellent/good versus fair/poor), SPPB Short Physical Performance Battery, MOBID-2 Mobilization-Observation-Behaviour-Intensity-Dementia Pain Scale Part 1 and Part 2, CDR-SOB Clinical Dementia Rating Sum of Boxes, NPI Neuropsychiatric Inventory agitation (agitation/aggression, disinhibition, irritability), psychosis (delusions, hallucinations), affective symptoms (depression, anxiety), and apathy (apathy), SCUEQS Special Care Unit Environmental Quality Scale