Table 7 Multiple logistic regression analysis for having low independence 3 years after baseline by age stage and sex

OR

P value

OR

P value

OR

P value

OR

P value

IADL score of baseline

0.27

0.22

–

0.34)

< 0.001

0.21

(0.14

–

0.31)

< 0.001

0.20

(0.13

–

0.29)

< 0.001

0.13

(0.06

–

0.28)

< 0.001

 Dietary diversity

0.88

(0.75

–

1.04)

0.133

0.90

(0.71

–

1.14)

0.387

0.88

(0.67

–

1.15)

0.344

0.91

(0.60

–

1.36)

0.641

 Low fruit, vegetable, and dairy product frequency

1.00

(0.85

–

1.18)

0.999

1.05

(0.83

–

1.32)

0.700

1.08

(0.86

–

1.37)

0.508

1.01

(0.71

–

1.42)

0.977

 High meat frequency

1.23

(1.04

–

1.46)

0.016

1.02

(0.82

–

1.27)

0.866

1.11

(0.89

–

1.39)

0.351

1.67

(1.18

–

2.35)

0.004

Economic satisfaction

1.06

(0.83

–

1.36)

0.626

1.01

(0.71

–

1.43)

0.966

1.01

(0.75

–

1.36)

0.936

0.87

(0.54

–

1.41)

0.575

Salaried employee (ref: No)

1.00

(0.68

–

1.46)

0.992

0.76

(0.39

–

1.48)

0.418

0.71

(0.39

–

1.29)

0.256

1.22

(0.49

–

3.09)

0.669

No hospitalization over the past year (ref: Yes)

0.76

(0.46

–

1.23)

0.261

0.70

(0.36

–

1.38)

0.304

1.03

(0.45

–

2.36)

0.943

1.22

(0.46

–

3.23)

0.683

Subjective health

0.86

(0.60

–

1.23)

0.408

0.78

(0.47

–

1.31)

0.353

1.08

(0.69

–

1.67)

0.747

0.61

(0.31

–

1.20)

0.151

Life satisfaction

1.26

(0.84

–

1.88)

0.259

0.96

(0.56

–

1.66)

0.886

0.90

(0.55

–

1.47)

0.663

1.05

(0.52

–

2.11)

0.901

 18.5 < BMI < 25.0

0.33

(0.09

–

1.28)

0.110

0.66

(0.22

–

1.99)

0.461

0.58

(0.25

–

1.37)

0.214

0.43

(0.15

–

1.20)

0.107

 25.0 < BMI < 30.0

0.47

(0.12

–

1.87)

0.285

0.69

(0.21

–

2.30)

0.547

0.61

(0.22

–

1.69)

0.338

0.60

(0.16

–

2.26)

0.451

 30.0 < BMI

2.24

(0.25

–

19.9)

0.469

0.999

0.70

(0.11

–

4.70)

0.717

0.17

(0.01

–

2.75)

0.213

 > 3 times/week, E&F

0.96

(0.58

–

1.58)

0.865

0.46

(0.24

–

0.88)

0.018

1.29

(0.71

–

2.37)

0.404

0.79

(0.32

–

1.98)

0.619

 > 3 times/week

1.24

(0.57

–

2.70)

0.597

0.69

(0.25

–

1.91)

0.473

0.87

(0.29

–

2.64)

0.804

0.91

(0.24

–

3.41)

0.888

 < 2 times/week, E&F

0.94

(0.55

–

1.60)

0.807

0.54

(0.26

–

1.13)

0.102

0.79

(0.40

–

1.56)

0.497

0.99

(0.39

–

2.51)

0.990

No fall fractures in the past year (ref: Yes)

0.84

(0.47

–

1.51)

0.566

0.77

(0.38

–

1.55)

0.464

0.42

(0.24

–

0.75)

0.003

0.55

(0.25

–

1.23)

0.147

No cigarette smoking status

0.82

(0.62

–

1.08)

0.158

1.33

(0.87

–

2.03)

0.189

1.02

(0.54

–

1.93)

0.948

1.62

(0.22

–

11.9)

0.636

Community and volunteer activity engagement(ref: Sometimes or No)

0.49

(0.35

–

0.68)

< 0.001

0.87

(0.54

–

1.38)

0.545

0.92

(0.58

–

1.46)

0.723

0.62

(0.31

–

1.23)

0.169

Sex (ref: Men)

Age (+ 1 years old)

1.00

(0.95

–

1.07)

0.912

1.01

(0.94

–

1.08)

0.856

1.00

(0.93

–

1.09)

0.923

1.04

(0.94

–

1.15)

0.458